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1767 lines
52 KiB
1767 lines
52 KiB
Kernel Parameters
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The following is a consolidated list of the kernel parameters as implemented
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(mostly) by the __setup() macro and sorted into English Dictionary order
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(defined as ignoring all punctuation and sorting digits before letters in a
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case insensitive manner), and with descriptions where known.
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Module parameters for loadable modules are specified only as the
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parameter name with optional '=' and value as appropriate, such as:
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modprobe usbcore blinkenlights=1
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Module parameters for modules that are built into the kernel image
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are specified on the kernel command line with the module name plus
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'.' plus parameter name, with '=' and value if appropriate, such as:
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usbcore.blinkenlights=1
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This document may not be entirely up to date and comprehensive. The command
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"modinfo -p ${modulename}" shows a current list of all parameters of a loadable
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module. Loadable modules, after being loaded into the running kernel, also
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reveal their parameters in /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/. Some of these
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parameters may be changed at runtime by the command
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"echo -n ${value} > /sys/module/${modulename}/parameters/${parm}".
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The parameters listed below are only valid if certain kernel build options were
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enabled and if respective hardware is present. The text in square brackets at
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the beginning of each description states the restrictions within which a
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parameter is applicable:
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ACPI ACPI support is enabled.
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ALSA ALSA sound support is enabled.
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APIC APIC support is enabled.
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APM Advanced Power Management support is enabled.
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AX25 Appropriate AX.25 support is enabled.
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CD Appropriate CD support is enabled.
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DRM Direct Rendering Management support is enabled.
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EDD BIOS Enhanced Disk Drive Services (EDD) is enabled
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EFI EFI Partitioning (GPT) is enabled
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EIDE EIDE/ATAPI support is enabled.
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FB The frame buffer device is enabled.
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HW Appropriate hardware is enabled.
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IA-32 IA-32 aka i386 architecture is enabled.
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IA-64 IA-64 architecture is enabled.
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IOSCHED More than one I/O scheduler is enabled.
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IP_PNP IP DHCP, BOOTP, or RARP is enabled.
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ISAPNP ISA PnP code is enabled.
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ISDN Appropriate ISDN support is enabled.
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JOY Appropriate joystick support is enabled.
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LP Printer support is enabled.
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LOOP Loopback device support is enabled.
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M68k M68k architecture is enabled.
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These options have more detailed description inside of
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Documentation/m68k/kernel-options.txt.
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MCA MCA bus support is enabled.
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MDA MDA console support is enabled.
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MOUSE Appropriate mouse support is enabled.
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MSI Message Signaled Interrupts (PCI).
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MTD MTD support is enabled.
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NET Appropriate network support is enabled.
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NUMA NUMA support is enabled.
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GENERIC_TIME The generic timeofday code is enabled.
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NFS Appropriate NFS support is enabled.
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OSS OSS sound support is enabled.
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PARIDE The ParIDE subsystem is enabled.
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PARISC The PA-RISC architecture is enabled.
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PCI PCI bus support is enabled.
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PCMCIA The PCMCIA subsystem is enabled.
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PNP Plug & Play support is enabled.
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PPC PowerPC architecture is enabled.
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PPT Parallel port support is enabled.
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PS2 Appropriate PS/2 support is enabled.
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RAM RAM disk support is enabled.
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S390 S390 architecture is enabled.
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SCSI Appropriate SCSI support is enabled.
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A lot of drivers has their options described inside of
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Documentation/scsi/.
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SELINUX SELinux support is enabled.
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SERIAL Serial support is enabled.
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SMP The kernel is an SMP kernel.
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SPARC Sparc architecture is enabled.
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SWSUSP Software suspend is enabled.
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TS Appropriate touchscreen support is enabled.
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USB USB support is enabled.
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USBHID USB Human Interface Device support is enabled.
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V4L Video For Linux support is enabled.
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VGA The VGA console has been enabled.
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VT Virtual terminal support is enabled.
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WDT Watchdog support is enabled.
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XT IBM PC/XT MFM hard disk support is enabled.
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X86-64 X86-64 architecture is enabled.
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More X86-64 boot options can be found in
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Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt .
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In addition, the following text indicates that the option:
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BUGS= Relates to possible processor bugs on the said processor.
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KNL Is a kernel start-up parameter.
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BOOT Is a boot loader parameter.
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Parameters denoted with BOOT are actually interpreted by the boot
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loader, and have no meaning to the kernel directly.
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Do not modify the syntax of boot loader parameters without extreme
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need or coordination with <Documentation/i386/boot.txt>.
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Note that ALL kernel parameters listed below are CASE SENSITIVE, and that
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a trailing = on the name of any parameter states that that parameter will
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be entered as an environment variable, whereas its absence indicates that
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it will appear as a kernel argument readable via /proc/cmdline by programs
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running once the system is up.
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The number of kernel parameters is not limited, but the length of the
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complete command line (parameters including spaces etc.) is limited to
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a fixed number of characters. This limit depends on the architecture
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and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
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./include/asm/setup.h as COMMAND_LINE_SIZE.
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53c7xx= [HW,SCSI] Amiga SCSI controllers
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See header of drivers/scsi/53c7xx.c.
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See also Documentation/scsi/ncr53c7xx.txt.
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acpi= [HW,ACPI] Advanced Configuration and Power Interface
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Format: { force | off | ht | strict | noirq }
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force -- enable ACPI if default was off
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off -- disable ACPI if default was on
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noirq -- do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
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ht -- run only enough ACPI to enable Hyper Threading
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strict -- Be less tolerant of platforms that are not
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strictly ACPI specification compliant.
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See also Documentation/pm.txt, pci=noacpi
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acpi_sleep= [HW,ACPI] Sleep options
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Format: { s3_bios, s3_mode }
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See Documentation/power/video.txt
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acpi_sci= [HW,ACPI] ACPI System Control Interrupt trigger mode
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Format: { level | edge | high | low }
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acpi_irq_balance [HW,ACPI]
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ACPI will balance active IRQs
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default in APIC mode
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acpi_irq_nobalance [HW,ACPI]
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ACPI will not move active IRQs (default)
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default in PIC mode
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acpi_irq_pci= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, clear listed IRQs for
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use by PCI
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Format: <irq>,<irq>...
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acpi_irq_isa= [HW,ACPI] If irq_balance, mark listed IRQs used by ISA
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Format: <irq>,<irq>...
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acpi_os_name= [HW,ACPI] Tell ACPI BIOS the name of the OS
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Format: To spoof as Windows 98: ="Microsoft Windows"
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acpi_osi= [HW,ACPI] empty param disables _OSI
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acpi_serialize [HW,ACPI] force serialization of AML methods
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acpi_skip_timer_override [HW,ACPI]
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Recognize and ignore IRQ0/pin2 Interrupt Override.
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For broken nForce2 BIOS resulting in XT-PIC timer.
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acpi_use_timer_override [HW,ACPI}
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Use timer override. For some broken Nvidia NF5 boards
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that require a timer override, but don't have
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HPET
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acpi_dbg_layer= [HW,ACPI]
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Format: <int>
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Each bit of the <int> indicates an ACPI debug layer,
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1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
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debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
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via /proc/acpi/debug_layer.
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acpi_dbg_level= [HW,ACPI]
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Format: <int>
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Each bit of the <int> indicates an ACPI debug level,
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1: enable, 0: disable. It is useful for boot time
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debugging. After system has booted up, it can be set
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via /proc/acpi/debug_level.
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acpi_fake_ecdt [HW,ACPI] Workaround failure due to BIOS lacking ECDT
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acpi_generic_hotkey [HW,ACPI]
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Allow consolidated generic hotkey driver to
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override platform specific driver.
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See also Documentation/acpi-hotkey.txt.
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acpi_pm_good [IA-32,X86-64]
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Override the pmtimer bug detection: force the kernel
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to assume that this machine's pmtimer latches its value
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and always returns good values.
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enable_timer_pin_1 [i386,x86-64]
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Enable PIN 1 of APIC timer
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Can be useful to work around chipset bugs
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(in particular on some ATI chipsets).
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The kernel tries to set a reasonable default.
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disable_timer_pin_1 [i386,x86-64]
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Disable PIN 1 of APIC timer
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Can be useful to work around chipset bugs.
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ad1816= [HW,OSS]
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
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See also Documentation/sound/oss/AD1816.
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ad1848= [HW,OSS]
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<type>
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adlib= [HW,OSS]
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Format: <io>
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advansys= [HW,SCSI]
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See header of drivers/scsi/advansys.c.
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advwdt= [HW,WDT] Advantech WDT
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Format: <iostart>,<iostop>
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aedsp16= [HW,OSS] Audio Excel DSP 16
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
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See also header of sound/oss/aedsp16.c.
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aha152x= [HW,SCSI]
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See Documentation/scsi/aha152x.txt.
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aha1542= [HW,SCSI]
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Format: <portbase>[,<buson>,<busoff>[,<dmaspeed>]]
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aic7xxx= [HW,SCSI]
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See Documentation/scsi/aic7xxx.txt.
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aic79xx= [HW,SCSI]
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See Documentation/scsi/aic79xx.txt.
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amijoy.map= [HW,JOY] Amiga joystick support
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Map of devices attached to JOY0DAT and JOY1DAT
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Format: <a>,<b>
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See also Documentation/kernel/input/joystick.txt
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analog.map= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick and gamepad support
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Specifies type or capabilities of an analog joystick
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connected to one of 16 gameports
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Format: <type1>,<type2>,..<type16>
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apc= [HW,SPARC]
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Power management functions (SPARCstation-4/5 + deriv.)
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Format: noidle
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Disable APC CPU standby support. SPARCstation-Fox does
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not play well with APC CPU idle - disable it if you have
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APC and your system crashes randomly.
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apic= [APIC,i386] Change the output verbosity whilst booting
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Format: { quiet (default) | verbose | debug }
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Change the amount of debugging information output
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when initialising the APIC and IO-APIC components.
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apm= [APM] Advanced Power Management
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See header of arch/i386/kernel/apm.c.
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applicom= [HW]
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Format: <mem>,<irq>
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arcrimi= [HW,NET] ARCnet - "RIM I" (entirely mem-mapped) cards
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<nodeID>
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ataflop= [HW,M68k]
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atarimouse= [HW,MOUSE] Atari Mouse
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atascsi= [HW,SCSI] Atari SCSI
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atkbd.extra= [HW] Enable extra LEDs and keys on IBM RapidAccess,
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EzKey and similar keyboards
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atkbd.reset= [HW] Reset keyboard during initialization
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atkbd.set= [HW] Select keyboard code set
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Format: <int> (2 = AT (default), 3 = PS/2)
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atkbd.scroll= [HW] Enable scroll wheel on MS Office and similar
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keyboards
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atkbd.softraw= [HW] Choose between synthetic and real raw mode
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Format: <bool> (0 = real, 1 = synthetic (default))
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atkbd.softrepeat= [HW]
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Use software keyboard repeat
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autotest [IA64]
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aztcd= [HW,CD] Aztech CD268 CDROM driver
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Format: <io>,0x79 (?)
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baycom_epp= [HW,AX25]
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Format: <io>,<mode>
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baycom_par= [HW,AX25] BayCom Parallel Port AX.25 Modem
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Format: <io>,<mode>
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See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.c.
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baycom_ser_fdx= [HW,AX25]
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BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Full Duplex Mode)
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>[,<baud>]
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See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.c.
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baycom_ser_hdx= [HW,AX25]
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BayCom Serial Port AX.25 Modem (Half Duplex Mode)
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<mode>
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See header of drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.c.
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blkmtd_device= [HW,MTD]
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blkmtd_erasesz=
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blkmtd_ro=
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blkmtd_bs=
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blkmtd_count=
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bttv.card= [HW,V4L] bttv (bt848 + bt878 based grabber cards)
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bttv.radio= Most important insmod options are available as
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kernel args too.
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bttv.pll= See Documentation/video4linux/bttv/Insmod-options
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bttv.tuner= and Documentation/video4linux/bttv/CARDLIST
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BusLogic= [HW,SCSI]
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See drivers/scsi/BusLogic.c, comment before function
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BusLogic_ParseDriverOptions().
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c101= [NET] Moxa C101 synchronous serial card
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cachesize= [BUGS=IA-32] Override level 2 CPU cache size detection.
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Sometimes CPU hardware bugs make them report the cache
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size incorrectly. The kernel will attempt work arounds
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to fix known problems, but for some CPUs it is not
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possible to determine what the correct size should be.
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This option provides an override for these situations.
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cdu31a= [HW,CD]
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Format: <io>,<irq>[,PAS]
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See header of drivers/cdrom/cdu31a.c.
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chandev= [HW,NET] Generic channel device initialisation
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checkreqprot [SELINUX] Set initial checkreqprot flag value.
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Format: { "0" | "1" }
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See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
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0 -- check protection applied by kernel (includes
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any implied execute protection).
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1 -- check protection requested by application.
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Default value is set via a kernel config option.
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Value can be changed at runtime via
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/selinux/checkreqprot.
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clock= [BUGS=IA-32, HW] gettimeofday clocksource override.
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[Deprecated]
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Forces specified clocksource (if available) to be used
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when calculating gettimeofday(). If specified
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clocksource is not available, it defaults to PIT.
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Format: { pit | tsc | cyclone | pmtmr }
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disable_8254_timer
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enable_8254_timer
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[IA32/X86_64] Disable/Enable interrupt 0 timer routing
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over the 8254 in addition to over the IO-APIC. The
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kernel tries to set a sensible default.
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hpet= [IA-32,HPET] option to disable HPET and use PIT.
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Format: disable
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cm206= [HW,CD]
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Format: { auto | [<io>,][<irq>] }
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com20020= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM20020 chipset
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Format:
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<io>[,<irq>[,<nodeID>[,<backplane>[,<ckp>[,<timeout>]]]]]
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com90io= [HW,NET] ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (IO-mapped buffers)
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Format: <io>[,<irq>]
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com90xx= [HW,NET]
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ARCnet - COM90xx chipset (memory-mapped buffers)
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Format: <io>[,<irq>[,<memstart>]]
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condev= [HW,S390] console device
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conmode=
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console= [KNL] Output console device and options.
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tty<n> Use the virtual console device <n>.
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ttyS<n>[,options]
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ttyUSB0[,options]
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Use the specified serial port. The options are of
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the form "bbbbpnf", where "bbbb" is the baud rate,
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"p" is parity ("n", "o", or "e"), "n" is number of
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bits, and "f" is flow control ("r" for RTS or
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omit it). Default is "9600n8".
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See Documentation/serial-console.txt for more
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information. See
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Documentation/networking/netconsole.txt for an
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alternative.
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uart,io,<addr>[,options]
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uart,mmio,<addr>[,options]
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Start an early, polled-mode console on the 8250/16550
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UART at the specified I/O port or MMIO address,
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switching to the matching ttyS device later. The
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options are the same as for ttyS, above.
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cpcihp_generic= [HW,PCI] Generic port I/O CompactPCI driver
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Format:
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<first_slot>,<last_slot>,<port>,<enum_bit>[,<debug>]
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cpia_pp= [HW,PPT]
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Format: { parport<nr> | auto | none }
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crashkernel=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
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[KNL] Reserve a chunk of physical memory to
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hold a kernel to switch to with kexec on panic.
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cs4232= [HW,OSS]
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Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mpuio>,<mpuirq>
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cs89x0_dma= [HW,NET]
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Format: <dma>
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cs89x0_media= [HW,NET]
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Format: { rj45 | aui | bnc }
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cyclades= [HW,SERIAL] Cyclades multi-serial port adapter.
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dasd= [HW,NET]
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See header of drivers/s390/block/dasd_devmap.c.
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db9.dev[2|3]= [HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick support via parallel port
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(one device per port)
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Format: <port#>,<type>
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See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
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debug [KNL] Enable kernel debugging (events log level).
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debug_locks_verbose=
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[KNL] verbose self-tests
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Format=<0|1>
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Print debugging info while doing the locking API
|
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self-tests.
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We default to 0 (no extra messages), setting it to
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1 will print _a lot_ more information - normally
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only useful to kernel developers.
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decnet= [HW,NET]
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Format: <area>[,<node>]
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See also Documentation/networking/decnet.txt.
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dhash_entries= [KNL]
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Set number of hash buckets for dentry cache.
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digi= [HW,SERIAL]
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IO parameters + enable/disable command.
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digiepca= [HW,SERIAL]
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See drivers/char/README.epca and
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Documentation/digiepca.txt.
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dmascc= [HW,AX25,SERIAL] AX.25 Z80SCC driver with DMA
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support available.
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Format: <io_dev0>[,<io_dev1>[,..<io_dev32>]]
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dmasound= [HW,OSS] Sound subsystem buffers
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dscc4.setup= [NET]
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dtc3181e= [HW,SCSI]
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earlyprintk= [IA-32,X86-64]
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earlyprintk=vga
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earlyprintk=serial[,ttySn[,baudrate]]
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Append ",keep" to not disable it when the real console
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takes over.
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Only vga or serial at a time, not both.
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|
|
Currently only ttyS0 and ttyS1 are supported.
|
|
|
|
Interaction with the standard serial driver is not
|
|
very good.
|
|
|
|
The VGA output is eventually overwritten by the real
|
|
console.
|
|
|
|
eata= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
ec_intr= [HW,ACPI] ACPI Embedded Controller interrupt mode
|
|
Format: <int>
|
|
0: polling mode
|
|
non-0: interrupt mode (default)
|
|
|
|
eda= [HW,PS2]
|
|
|
|
edb= [HW,PS2]
|
|
|
|
edd= [EDD]
|
|
Format: {"of[f]" | "sk[ipmbr]"}
|
|
See comment in arch/i386/boot/edd.S
|
|
|
|
eicon= [HW,ISDN]
|
|
Format: <id>,<membase>,<irq>
|
|
|
|
eisa_irq_edge= [PARISC,HW]
|
|
See header of drivers/parisc/eisa.c.
|
|
|
|
elanfreq= [IA-32]
|
|
See comment before function elanfreq_setup() in
|
|
arch/i386/kernel/cpu/cpufreq/elanfreq.c.
|
|
|
|
elevator= [IOSCHED]
|
|
Format: {"anticipatory" | "cfq" | "deadline" | "noop"}
|
|
See Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt and
|
|
Documentation/block/deadline-iosched.txt for details.
|
|
|
|
elfcorehdr= [IA-32, X86_64]
|
|
Specifies physical address of start of kernel core
|
|
image elf header. Generally kexec loader will
|
|
pass this option to capture kernel.
|
|
See Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt for details.
|
|
|
|
enforcing [SELINUX] Set initial enforcing status.
|
|
Format: {"0" | "1"}
|
|
See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
|
|
0 -- permissive (log only, no denials).
|
|
1 -- enforcing (deny and log).
|
|
Default value is 0.
|
|
Value can be changed at runtime via /selinux/enforce.
|
|
|
|
es1371= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <spdif>,[<nomix>,[<amplifier>]]
|
|
See also header of sound/oss/es1371.c.
|
|
|
|
ether= [HW,NET] Ethernet cards parameters
|
|
This option is obsoleted by the "netdev=" option, which
|
|
has equivalent usage. See its documentation for details.
|
|
|
|
eurwdt= [HW,WDT] Eurotech CPU-1220/1410 onboard watchdog.
|
|
Format: <io>[,<irq>]
|
|
|
|
fd_mcs= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/fd_mcs.c.
|
|
|
|
fdomain= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/fdomain.c.
|
|
|
|
floppy= [HW]
|
|
See Documentation/floppy.txt.
|
|
|
|
gamecon.map[2|3]=
|
|
[HW,JOY] Multisystem joystick and NES/SNES/PSX pad
|
|
support via parallel port (up to 5 devices per port)
|
|
Format: <port#>,<pad1>,<pad2>,<pad3>,<pad4>,<pad5>
|
|
See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
|
|
|
|
gamma= [HW,DRM]
|
|
|
|
gdth= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/gdth.c.
|
|
|
|
gpt [EFI] Forces disk with valid GPT signature but
|
|
invalid Protective MBR to be treated as GPT.
|
|
|
|
gscd= [HW,CD]
|
|
Format: <io>
|
|
|
|
gvp11= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
hashdist= [KNL,NUMA] Large hashes allocated during boot
|
|
are distributed across NUMA nodes. Defaults on
|
|
for IA-64, off otherwise.
|
|
Format: 0 | 1 (for off | on)
|
|
|
|
hcl= [IA-64] SGI's Hardware Graph compatibility layer
|
|
|
|
hd= [EIDE] (E)IDE hard drive subsystem geometry
|
|
Format: <cyl>,<head>,<sect>
|
|
|
|
hd?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
|
|
hd?lun= See Documentation/ide.txt.
|
|
|
|
highmem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] forces the highmem zone to have an exact
|
|
size of <nn>. This works even on boxes that have no
|
|
highmem otherwise. This also works to reduce highmem
|
|
size on bigger boxes.
|
|
|
|
hisax= [HW,ISDN]
|
|
See Documentation/isdn/README.HiSax.
|
|
|
|
hugepages= [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
|
|
|
|
i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
|
|
i8042.dumbkbd [HW] Pretend that controller can only read data from
|
|
keyboard and cannot control its state
|
|
(Don't attempt to blink the leds)
|
|
i8042.noaux [HW] Don't check for auxiliary (== mouse) port
|
|
i8042.nokbd [HW] Don't check/create keyboard port
|
|
i8042.nomux [HW] Don't check presence of an active multiplexing
|
|
controller
|
|
i8042.nopnp [HW] Don't use ACPIPnP / PnPBIOS to discover KBD/AUX
|
|
controllers
|
|
i8042.panicblink=
|
|
[HW] Frequency with which keyboard LEDs should blink
|
|
when kernel panics (default is 0.5 sec)
|
|
i8042.reset [HW] Reset the controller during init and cleanup
|
|
i8042.unlock [HW] Unlock (ignore) the keylock
|
|
|
|
i810= [HW,DRM]
|
|
|
|
i8k.ignore_dmi [HW] Continue probing hardware even if DMI data
|
|
indicates that the driver is running on unsupported
|
|
hardware.
|
|
i8k.force [HW] Activate i8k driver even if SMM BIOS signature
|
|
does not match list of supported models.
|
|
i8k.power_status
|
|
[HW] Report power status in /proc/i8k
|
|
(disabled by default)
|
|
i8k.restricted [HW] Allow controlling fans only if SYS_ADMIN
|
|
capability is set.
|
|
|
|
ibmmcascsi= [HW,MCA,SCSI] IBM MicroChannel SCSI adapter
|
|
See Documentation/mca.txt.
|
|
|
|
icn= [HW,ISDN]
|
|
Format: <io>[,<membase>[,<icn_id>[,<icn_id2>]]]
|
|
|
|
ide= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
|
|
Format: ide=nodma or ide=doubler or ide=reverse
|
|
See Documentation/ide.txt.
|
|
|
|
ide?= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem
|
|
Format: ide?=noprobe or chipset specific parameters.
|
|
See Documentation/ide.txt.
|
|
|
|
idebus= [HW] (E)IDE subsystem - VLB/PCI bus speed
|
|
See Documentation/ide.txt.
|
|
|
|
idle= [HW]
|
|
Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
|
|
|
|
ignore_loglevel [KNL]
|
|
Ignore loglevel setting - this will print /all/
|
|
kernel messages to the console. Useful for debugging.
|
|
|
|
ihash_entries= [KNL]
|
|
Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
|
|
|
|
in2000= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/in2000.c.
|
|
|
|
init= [KNL]
|
|
Format: <full_path>
|
|
Run specified binary instead of /sbin/init as init
|
|
process.
|
|
|
|
initcall_debug [KNL] Trace initcalls as they are executed. Useful
|
|
for working out where the kernel is dying during
|
|
startup.
|
|
|
|
initrd= [BOOT] Specify the location of the initial ramdisk
|
|
|
|
inport.irq= [HW] Inport (ATI XL and Microsoft) busmouse driver
|
|
Format: <irq>
|
|
|
|
combined_mode= [HW] control which driver uses IDE ports in combined
|
|
mode: legacy IDE driver, libata, or both
|
|
(in the libata case, libata.atapi_enabled=1 may be
|
|
useful as well). Note that using the ide or libata
|
|
options may affect your device naming (e.g. by
|
|
changing hdc to sdb).
|
|
Format: combined (default), ide, or libata
|
|
|
|
inttest= [IA64]
|
|
|
|
io7= [HW] IO7 for Marvel based alpha systems
|
|
See comment before marvel_specify_io7 in
|
|
arch/alpha/kernel/core_marvel.c.
|
|
|
|
ip= [IP_PNP]
|
|
See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
|
|
|
|
ip2= [HW] Set IO/IRQ pairs for up to 4 IntelliPort boards
|
|
See comment before ip2_setup() in drivers/char/ip2.c.
|
|
|
|
ips= [HW,SCSI] Adaptec / IBM ServeRAID controller
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/ips.c.
|
|
|
|
ports= [IP_VS_FTP] IPVS ftp helper module
|
|
Default is 21.
|
|
Up to 8 (IP_VS_APP_MAX_PORTS) ports
|
|
may be specified.
|
|
Format: <port>,<port>....
|
|
|
|
irqfixup [HW]
|
|
When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers
|
|
for it. Intended to get systems with badly broken
|
|
firmware running.
|
|
|
|
irqpoll [HW]
|
|
When an interrupt is not handled search all handlers
|
|
for it. Also check all handlers each timer
|
|
interrupt. Intended to get systems with badly broken
|
|
firmware running.
|
|
|
|
isapnp= [ISAPNP]
|
|
Format: <RDP>,<reset>,<pci_scan>,<verbosity>
|
|
|
|
isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
|
|
Format:
|
|
<cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
|
|
or
|
|
<cpu number>-<cpu number> (must be a positive range in ascending order)
|
|
or a mixture
|
|
<cpu number>,...,<cpu number>-<cpu number>
|
|
This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
|
|
to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
|
|
algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off
|
|
an "isolated" CPU is via the CPU affinity syscalls.
|
|
<cpu number> begins at 0 and the maximum value is
|
|
"number of CPUs in system - 1".
|
|
|
|
This option is the preferred way to isolate CPUs. The
|
|
alternative -- manually setting the CPU mask of all
|
|
tasks in the system -- can cause problems and
|
|
suboptimal load balancer performance.
|
|
|
|
isp16= [HW,CD]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<setup>
|
|
|
|
iucv= [HW,NET]
|
|
|
|
js= [HW,JOY] Analog joystick
|
|
See Documentation/input/joystick.txt.
|
|
|
|
keepinitrd [HW,ARM]
|
|
|
|
kstack=N [IA-32,X86-64] Print N words from the kernel stack
|
|
in oops dumps.
|
|
|
|
l2cr= [PPC]
|
|
|
|
lapic [IA-32,APIC] Enable the local APIC even if BIOS
|
|
disabled it.
|
|
|
|
lasi= [HW,SCSI] PARISC LASI driver for the 53c700 chip
|
|
Format: addr:<io>,irq:<irq>
|
|
|
|
llsc*= [IA64] See function print_params() in
|
|
arch/ia64/sn/kernel/llsc4.c.
|
|
|
|
load_ramdisk= [RAM] List of ramdisks to load from floppy
|
|
See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
|
|
|
|
lockd.nlm_grace_period=P [NFS] Assign grace period.
|
|
Format: <integer>
|
|
|
|
lockd.nlm_tcpport=N [NFS] Assign TCP port.
|
|
Format: <integer>
|
|
|
|
lockd.nlm_timeout=T [NFS] Assign timeout value.
|
|
Format: <integer>
|
|
|
|
lockd.nlm_udpport=M [NFS] Assign UDP port.
|
|
Format: <integer>
|
|
|
|
logibm.irq= [HW,MOUSE] Logitech Bus Mouse Driver
|
|
Format: <irq>
|
|
|
|
loglevel= All Kernel Messages with a loglevel smaller than the
|
|
console loglevel will be printed to the console. It can
|
|
also be changed with klogd or other programs. The
|
|
loglevels are defined as follows:
|
|
|
|
0 (KERN_EMERG) system is unusable
|
|
1 (KERN_ALERT) action must be taken immediately
|
|
2 (KERN_CRIT) critical conditions
|
|
3 (KERN_ERR) error conditions
|
|
4 (KERN_WARNING) warning conditions
|
|
5 (KERN_NOTICE) normal but significant condition
|
|
6 (KERN_INFO) informational
|
|
7 (KERN_DEBUG) debug-level messages
|
|
|
|
log_buf_len=n Sets the size of the printk ring buffer, in bytes.
|
|
Format: { n | nk | nM }
|
|
n must be a power of two. The default size
|
|
is set in the kernel config file.
|
|
|
|
lp=0 [LP] Specify parallel ports to use, e.g,
|
|
lp=port[,port...] lp=none,parport0 (lp0 not configured, lp1 uses
|
|
lp=reset first parallel port). 'lp=0' disables the
|
|
lp=auto printer driver. 'lp=reset' (which can be
|
|
specified in addition to the ports) causes
|
|
attached printers to be reset. Using
|
|
lp=port1,port2,... specifies the parallel ports
|
|
to associate lp devices with, starting with
|
|
lp0. A port specification may be 'none' to skip
|
|
that lp device, or a parport name such as
|
|
'parport0'. Specifying 'lp=auto' instead of a
|
|
port specification list means that device IDs
|
|
from each port should be examined, to see if
|
|
an IEEE 1284-compliant printer is attached; if
|
|
so, the driver will manage that printer.
|
|
See also header of drivers/char/lp.c.
|
|
|
|
lpj=n [KNL]
|
|
Sets loops_per_jiffy to given constant, thus avoiding
|
|
time-consuming boot-time autodetection (up to 250 ms per
|
|
CPU). 0 enables autodetection (default). To determine
|
|
the correct value for your kernel, boot with normal
|
|
autodetection and see what value is printed. Note that
|
|
on SMP systems the preset will be applied to all CPUs,
|
|
which is likely to cause problems if your CPUs need
|
|
significantly divergent settings. An incorrect value
|
|
will cause delays in the kernel to be wrong, leading to
|
|
unpredictable I/O errors and other breakage. Although
|
|
unlikely, in the extreme case this might damage your
|
|
hardware.
|
|
|
|
ltpc= [NET]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
|
|
|
|
mac5380= [HW,SCSI] Format:
|
|
<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
|
|
|
|
mac53c9x= [HW,SCSI] Format:
|
|
<num_esps>,<disconnect>,<nosync>,<can_queue>,<cmd_per_lun>,<sg_tablesize>,<hostid>,<use_tags>
|
|
|
|
machvec= [IA64] Force the use of a particular machine-vector
|
|
(machvec) in a generic kernel.
|
|
Example: machvec=hpzx1_swiotlb
|
|
|
|
max_loop= [LOOP] Maximum number of loopback devices that can
|
|
be mounted
|
|
Format: <1-256>
|
|
|
|
maxcpus= [SMP] Maximum number of processors that an SMP kernel
|
|
should make use of
|
|
|
|
max_addr=[KMG] [KNL,BOOT,ia64] All physical memory greater than or
|
|
equal to this physical address is ignored.
|
|
|
|
max_luns= [SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs to probe.
|
|
Should be between 1 and 2^32-1.
|
|
|
|
max_report_luns=
|
|
[SCSI] Maximum number of LUNs received.
|
|
Should be between 1 and 16384.
|
|
|
|
mca-pentium [BUGS=IA-32]
|
|
|
|
mcatest= [IA-64]
|
|
|
|
mcd= [HW,CD]
|
|
Format: <port>,<irq>,<mitsumi_bug_93_wait>
|
|
|
|
mcdx= [HW,CD]
|
|
|
|
mce [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
|
|
|
|
md= [HW] RAID subsystems devices and level
|
|
See Documentation/md.txt.
|
|
|
|
mdacon= [MDA]
|
|
Format: <first>,<last>
|
|
Specifies range of consoles to be captured by the MDA.
|
|
|
|
mem=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Force usage of a specific amount of memory
|
|
Amount of memory to be used when the kernel is not able
|
|
to see the whole system memory or for test.
|
|
[IA-32] Use together with memmap= to avoid physical
|
|
address space collisions. Without memmap= PCI devices
|
|
could be placed at addresses belonging to unused RAM.
|
|
|
|
mem=nopentium [BUGS=IA-32] Disable usage of 4MB pages for kernel
|
|
memory.
|
|
|
|
memmap=exactmap [KNL,IA-32,X86_64] Enable setting of an exact
|
|
E820 memory map, as specified by the user.
|
|
Such memmap=exactmap lines can be constructed based on
|
|
BIOS output or other requirements. See the memmap=nn@ss
|
|
option description.
|
|
|
|
memmap=nn[KMG]@ss[KMG]
|
|
[KNL] Force usage of a specific region of memory
|
|
Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
|
|
|
|
memmap=nn[KMG]#ss[KMG]
|
|
[KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as ACPI data.
|
|
Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
|
|
|
|
memmap=nn[KMG]$ss[KMG]
|
|
[KNL,ACPI] Mark specific memory as reserved.
|
|
Region of memory to be used, from ss to ss+nn.
|
|
|
|
meye.*= [HW] Set MotionEye Camera parameters
|
|
See Documentation/video4linux/meye.txt.
|
|
|
|
mga= [HW,DRM]
|
|
|
|
migration_cost=
|
|
[KNL,SMP] debug: override scheduler migration costs
|
|
Format: <level-1-usecs>,<level-2-usecs>,...
|
|
This debugging option can be used to override the
|
|
default scheduler migration cost matrix. The numbers
|
|
are indexed by 'CPU domain distance'.
|
|
E.g. migration_cost=1000,2000,3000 on an SMT NUMA
|
|
box will set up an intra-core migration cost of
|
|
1 msec, an inter-core migration cost of 2 msecs,
|
|
and an inter-node migration cost of 3 msecs.
|
|
|
|
WARNING: using the wrong values here can break
|
|
scheduler performance, so it's only for scheduler
|
|
development purposes, not production environments.
|
|
|
|
migration_debug=
|
|
[KNL,SMP] migration cost auto-detect verbosity
|
|
Format=<0|1|2>
|
|
If a system's migration matrix reported at bootup
|
|
seems erroneous then this option can be used to
|
|
increase verbosity of the detection process.
|
|
We default to 0 (no extra messages), 1 will print
|
|
some more information, and 2 will be really
|
|
verbose (probably only useful if you also have a
|
|
serial console attached to the system).
|
|
|
|
migration_factor=
|
|
[KNL,SMP] multiply/divide migration costs by a factor
|
|
Format=<percent>
|
|
This debug option can be used to proportionally
|
|
increase or decrease the auto-detected migration
|
|
costs for all entries of the migration matrix.
|
|
E.g. migration_factor=150 will increase migration
|
|
costs by 50%. (and thus the scheduler will be less
|
|
eager migrating cache-hot tasks)
|
|
migration_factor=80 will decrease migration costs
|
|
by 20%. (thus the scheduler will be more eager to
|
|
migrate tasks)
|
|
|
|
WARNING: using the wrong values here can break
|
|
scheduler performance, so it's only for scheduler
|
|
development purposes, not production environments.
|
|
|
|
mousedev.tap_time=
|
|
[MOUSE] Maximum time between finger touching and
|
|
leaving touchpad surface for touch to be considered
|
|
a tap and be reported as a left button click (for
|
|
touchpads working in absolute mode only).
|
|
Format: <msecs>
|
|
mousedev.xres= [MOUSE] Horizontal screen resolution, used for devices
|
|
reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
|
|
mousedev.yres= [MOUSE] Vertical screen resolution, used for devices
|
|
reporting absolute coordinates, such as tablets
|
|
|
|
mpu401= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>
|
|
|
|
MTD_Partition= [MTD]
|
|
Format: <name>,<region-number>,<size>,<offset>
|
|
|
|
MTD_Region= [MTD] Format:
|
|
<name>,<region-number>[,<base>,<size>,<buswidth>,<altbuswidth>]
|
|
|
|
mtdparts= [MTD]
|
|
See drivers/mtd/cmdline.c.
|
|
|
|
mtouchusb.raw_coordinates=
|
|
[HW] Make the MicroTouch USB driver use raw coordinates
|
|
('y', default) or cooked coordinates ('n')
|
|
|
|
n2= [NET] SDL Inc. RISCom/N2 synchronous serial card
|
|
|
|
NCR_D700= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/NCR_D700.c.
|
|
|
|
ncr5380= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
ncr53c400= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
ncr53c400a= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
ncr53c406a= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
ncr53c8xx= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
|
|
netdev= [NET] Network devices parameters
|
|
Format: <irq>,<io>,<mem_start>,<mem_end>,<name>
|
|
Note that mem_start is often overloaded to mean
|
|
something different and driver-specific.
|
|
This usage is only documented in each driver source
|
|
file if at all.
|
|
|
|
nfsaddrs= [NFS]
|
|
See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
|
|
|
|
nfsroot= [NFS] nfs root filesystem for disk-less boxes.
|
|
See Documentation/nfsroot.txt.
|
|
|
|
nfs.callback_tcpport=
|
|
[NFS] set the TCP port on which the NFSv4 callback
|
|
channel should listen.
|
|
|
|
nfs.idmap_cache_timeout=
|
|
[NFS] set the maximum lifetime for idmapper cache
|
|
entries.
|
|
|
|
nmi_watchdog= [KNL,BUGS=IA-32] Debugging features for SMP kernels
|
|
|
|
no387 [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel to use the 387 maths
|
|
emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
|
|
is present.
|
|
|
|
noaliencache [MM, NUMA] Disables the allcoation of alien caches in
|
|
the slab allocator. Saves per-node memory, but will
|
|
impact performance on real NUMA hardware.
|
|
|
|
noalign [KNL,ARM]
|
|
|
|
noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
|
|
IOAPICs that may be present in the system.
|
|
|
|
noasync [HW,M68K] Disables async and sync negotiation for
|
|
all devices.
|
|
|
|
nobats [PPC] Do not use BATs for mapping kernel lowmem
|
|
on "Classic" PPC cores.
|
|
|
|
nocache [ARM]
|
|
|
|
nodelayacct [KNL] Disable per-task delay accounting
|
|
|
|
nodisconnect [HW,SCSI,M68K] Disables SCSI disconnects.
|
|
|
|
noexec [IA-64]
|
|
|
|
noexec [IA-32,X86-64]
|
|
noexec=on: enable non-executable mappings (default)
|
|
noexec=off: disable nn-executable mappings
|
|
|
|
nofxsr [BUGS=IA-32] Disables x86 floating point extended
|
|
register save and restore. The kernel will only save
|
|
legacy floating-point registers on task switch.
|
|
|
|
nohlt [BUGS=ARM]
|
|
|
|
no-hlt [BUGS=IA-32] Tells the kernel that the hlt
|
|
instruction doesn't work correctly and not to
|
|
use it.
|
|
|
|
nohalt [IA-64] Tells the kernel not to use the power saving
|
|
function PAL_HALT_LIGHT when idle. This increases
|
|
power-consumption. On the positive side, it reduces
|
|
interrupt wake-up latency, which may improve performance
|
|
in certain environments such as networked servers or
|
|
real-time systems.
|
|
|
|
noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
|
|
|
|
noirqdebug [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
|
|
disable unhandled interrupt sources.
|
|
|
|
no_timer_check [IA-32,X86_64,APIC] Disables the code which tests for
|
|
broken timer IRQ sources.
|
|
|
|
noisapnp [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
|
|
|
|
noinitrd [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
|
|
initial RAM disk.
|
|
|
|
nointroute [IA-64]
|
|
|
|
nolapic [IA-32,APIC] Do not enable or use the local APIC.
|
|
|
|
noltlbs [PPC] Do not use large page/tlb entries for kernel
|
|
lowmem mapping on PPC40x.
|
|
|
|
nomca [IA-64] Disable machine check abort handling
|
|
|
|
nomce [IA-32] Machine Check Exception
|
|
|
|
noresidual [PPC] Don't use residual data on PReP machines.
|
|
|
|
noresume [SWSUSP] Disables resume and restores original swap
|
|
space.
|
|
|
|
no-scroll [VGA] Disables scrollback.
|
|
This is required for the Braillex ib80-piezo Braille
|
|
reader made by F.H. Papenmeier (Germany).
|
|
|
|
nosbagart [IA-64]
|
|
|
|
nosep [BUGS=IA-32] Disables x86 SYSENTER/SYSEXIT support.
|
|
|
|
nosmp [SMP] Tells an SMP kernel to act as a UP kernel.
|
|
|
|
nosync [HW,M68K] Disables sync negotiation for all devices.
|
|
|
|
notsc [BUGS=IA-32] Disable Time Stamp Counter
|
|
|
|
nousb [USB] Disable the USB subsystem
|
|
|
|
nowb [ARM]
|
|
|
|
nr_uarts= [SERIAL] maximum number of UARTs to be registered.
|
|
|
|
opl3= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>
|
|
|
|
opl3sa2= [HW,OSS] Format:
|
|
<io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<mss_io>,<mpu_io>,<ymode>,<loopback>[,<isapnp>,<multiple]
|
|
|
|
oprofile.timer= [HW]
|
|
Use timer interrupt instead of performance counters
|
|
|
|
optcd= [HW,CD]
|
|
Format: <io>
|
|
|
|
osst= [HW,SCSI] SCSI Tape Driver
|
|
Format: <buffer_size>,<write_threshold>
|
|
See also Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
|
|
|
|
panic= [KNL] Kernel behaviour on panic
|
|
Format: <timeout>
|
|
|
|
parkbd.port= [HW] Parallel port number the keyboard adapter is
|
|
connected to, default is 0.
|
|
Format: <parport#>
|
|
parkbd.mode= [HW] Parallel port keyboard adapter mode of operation,
|
|
0 for XT, 1 for AT (default is AT).
|
|
Format: <mode>
|
|
|
|
parport= [HW,PPT] Specify parallel ports. 0 disables.
|
|
Format: { 0 | auto | 0xBBB[,IRQ[,DMA]] }
|
|
Use 'auto' to force the driver to use any
|
|
IRQ/DMA settings detected (the default is to
|
|
ignore detected IRQ/DMA settings because of
|
|
possible conflicts). You can specify the base
|
|
address, IRQ, and DMA settings; IRQ and DMA
|
|
should be numbers, or 'auto' (for using detected
|
|
settings on that particular port), or 'nofifo'
|
|
(to avoid using a FIFO even if it is detected).
|
|
Parallel ports are assigned in the order they
|
|
are specified on the command line, starting
|
|
with parport0.
|
|
|
|
parport_init_mode= [HW,PPT]
|
|
Configure VIA parallel port to operate in
|
|
a specific mode. This is necessary on Pegasos
|
|
computer where firmware has no options for setting
|
|
up parallel port mode and sets it to spp.
|
|
Currently this function knows 686a and 8231 chips.
|
|
Format: [spp|ps2|epp|ecp|ecpepp]
|
|
|
|
pas2= [HW,OSS] Format:
|
|
<io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma16>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<sb_dma16>
|
|
|
|
pas16= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/pas16.c.
|
|
|
|
pause_on_oops=
|
|
Halt all CPUs after the first oops has been printed for
|
|
the specified number of seconds. This is to be used if
|
|
your oopses keep scrolling off the screen.
|
|
|
|
pcbit= [HW,ISDN]
|
|
|
|
pcd. [PARIDE]
|
|
See header of drivers/block/paride/pcd.c.
|
|
See also Documentation/paride.txt.
|
|
|
|
pci=option[,option...] [PCI] various PCI subsystem options:
|
|
off [IA-32] don't probe for the PCI bus
|
|
bios [IA-32] force use of PCI BIOS, don't access
|
|
the hardware directly. Use this if your machine
|
|
has a non-standard PCI host bridge.
|
|
nobios [IA-32] disallow use of PCI BIOS, only direct
|
|
hardware access methods are allowed. Use this
|
|
if you experience crashes upon bootup and you
|
|
suspect they are caused by the BIOS.
|
|
conf1 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration
|
|
Mechanism 1.
|
|
conf2 [IA-32] Force use of PCI Configuration
|
|
Mechanism 2.
|
|
nommconf [IA-32,X86_64] Disable use of MMCONFIG for PCI
|
|
Configuration
|
|
nomsi [MSI] If the PCI_MSI kernel config parameter is
|
|
enabled, this kernel boot option can be used to
|
|
disable the use of MSI interrupts system-wide.
|
|
nosort [IA-32] Don't sort PCI devices according to
|
|
order given by the PCI BIOS. This sorting is
|
|
done to get a device order compatible with
|
|
older kernels.
|
|
biosirq [IA-32] Use PCI BIOS calls to get the interrupt
|
|
routing table. These calls are known to be buggy
|
|
on several machines and they hang the machine
|
|
when used, but on other computers it's the only
|
|
way to get the interrupt routing table. Try
|
|
this option if the kernel is unable to allocate
|
|
IRQs or discover secondary PCI buses on your
|
|
motherboard.
|
|
rom [IA-32] Assign address space to expansion ROMs.
|
|
Use with caution as certain devices share
|
|
address decoders between ROMs and other
|
|
resources.
|
|
irqmask=0xMMMM [IA-32] Set a bit mask of IRQs allowed to be
|
|
assigned automatically to PCI devices. You can
|
|
make the kernel exclude IRQs of your ISA cards
|
|
this way.
|
|
pirqaddr=0xAAAAA [IA-32] Specify the physical address
|
|
of the PIRQ table (normally generated
|
|
by the BIOS) if it is outside the
|
|
F0000h-100000h range.
|
|
lastbus=N [IA-32] Scan all buses thru bus #N. Can be
|
|
useful if the kernel is unable to find your
|
|
secondary buses and you want to tell it
|
|
explicitly which ones they are.
|
|
assign-busses [IA-32] Always assign all PCI bus
|
|
numbers ourselves, overriding
|
|
whatever the firmware may have done.
|
|
usepirqmask [IA-32] Honor the possible IRQ mask stored
|
|
in the BIOS $PIR table. This is needed on
|
|
some systems with broken BIOSes, notably
|
|
some HP Pavilion N5400 and Omnibook XE3
|
|
notebooks. This will have no effect if ACPI
|
|
IRQ routing is enabled.
|
|
noacpi [IA-32] Do not use ACPI for IRQ routing
|
|
or for PCI scanning.
|
|
routeirq Do IRQ routing for all PCI devices.
|
|
This is normally done in pci_enable_device(),
|
|
so this option is a temporary workaround
|
|
for broken drivers that don't call it.
|
|
firmware [ARM] Do not re-enumerate the bus but instead
|
|
just use the configuration from the
|
|
bootloader. This is currently used on
|
|
IXP2000 systems where the bus has to be
|
|
configured a certain way for adjunct CPUs.
|
|
noearly [X86] Don't do any early type 1 scanning.
|
|
This might help on some broken boards which
|
|
machine check when some devices' config space
|
|
is read. But various workarounds are disabled
|
|
and some IOMMU drivers will not work.
|
|
bfsort Sort PCI devices into breadth-first order.
|
|
This sorting is done to get a device
|
|
order compatible with older (<= 2.4) kernels.
|
|
nobfsort Don't sort PCI devices into breadth-first order.
|
|
|
|
pcmv= [HW,PCMCIA] BadgePAD 4
|
|
|
|
pd. [PARIDE]
|
|
See Documentation/paride.txt.
|
|
|
|
pdcchassis= [PARISC,HW] Disable/Enable PDC Chassis Status codes at
|
|
boot time.
|
|
Format: { 0 | 1 }
|
|
See arch/parisc/kernel/pdc_chassis.c
|
|
|
|
pf. [PARIDE]
|
|
See Documentation/paride.txt.
|
|
|
|
pg. [PARIDE]
|
|
See Documentation/paride.txt.
|
|
|
|
pirq= [SMP,APIC] Manual mp-table setup
|
|
See Documentation/i386/IO-APIC.txt.
|
|
|
|
plip= [PPT,NET] Parallel port network link
|
|
Format: { parport<nr> | timid | 0 }
|
|
See also Documentation/parport.txt.
|
|
|
|
pnpacpi= [ACPI]
|
|
{ off }
|
|
|
|
pnpbios= [ISAPNP]
|
|
{ on | off | curr | res | no-curr | no-res }
|
|
|
|
pnp_reserve_irq=
|
|
[ISAPNP] Exclude IRQs for the autoconfiguration
|
|
|
|
pnp_reserve_dma=
|
|
[ISAPNP] Exclude DMAs for the autoconfiguration
|
|
|
|
pnp_reserve_io= [ISAPNP] Exclude I/O ports for the autoconfiguration
|
|
Ranges are in pairs (I/O port base and size).
|
|
|
|
pnp_reserve_mem=
|
|
[ISAPNP] Exclude memory regions for the
|
|
autoconfiguration.
|
|
Ranges are in pairs (memory base and size).
|
|
|
|
profile= [KNL] Enable kernel profiling via /proc/profile
|
|
Format: [schedule,]<number>
|
|
Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points.
|
|
Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
|
|
statistical time based profiling.
|
|
Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs)
|
|
|
|
processor.max_cstate= [HW,ACPI]
|
|
Limit processor to maximum C-state
|
|
max_cstate=9 overrides any DMI blacklist limit.
|
|
|
|
processor.nocst [HW,ACPI]
|
|
Ignore the _CST method to determine C-states,
|
|
instead using the legacy FADT method
|
|
|
|
prompt_ramdisk= [RAM] List of RAM disks to prompt for floppy disk
|
|
before loading.
|
|
See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
|
|
|
|
psmouse.proto= [HW,MOUSE] Highest PS2 mouse protocol extension to
|
|
probe for; one of (bare|imps|exps|lifebook|any).
|
|
psmouse.rate= [HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse report rate, in reports
|
|
per second.
|
|
psmouse.resetafter= [HW,MOUSE]
|
|
Try to reset the device after so many bad packets
|
|
(0 = never).
|
|
psmouse.resolution=
|
|
[HW,MOUSE] Set desired mouse resolution, in dpi.
|
|
psmouse.smartscroll=
|
|
[HW,MOUSE] Controls Logitech smartscroll autorepeat.
|
|
0 = disabled, 1 = enabled (default).
|
|
|
|
pss= [HW,OSS] Personal Sound System (ECHO ESC614)
|
|
Format:
|
|
<io>,<mss_io>,<mss_irq>,<mss_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
|
|
|
|
pt. [PARIDE]
|
|
See Documentation/paride.txt.
|
|
|
|
quiet [KNL] Disable most log messages
|
|
|
|
r128= [HW,DRM]
|
|
|
|
raid= [HW,RAID]
|
|
See Documentation/md.txt.
|
|
|
|
ramdisk= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes [deprecated]
|
|
See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
|
|
|
|
ramdisk_blocksize= [RAM]
|
|
See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
|
|
|
|
ramdisk_size= [RAM] Sizes of RAM disks in kilobytes
|
|
New name for the ramdisk parameter.
|
|
See Documentation/ramdisk.txt.
|
|
|
|
rcu.blimit= [KNL,BOOT] Set maximum number of finished
|
|
RCU callbacks to process in one batch.
|
|
|
|
rcu.qhimark= [KNL,BOOT] Set threshold of queued
|
|
RCU callbacks over which batch limiting is disabled.
|
|
|
|
rcu.qlowmark= [KNL,BOOT] Set threshold of queued
|
|
RCU callbacks below which batch limiting is re-enabled.
|
|
|
|
rdinit= [KNL]
|
|
Format: <full_path>
|
|
Run specified binary instead of /init from the ramdisk,
|
|
used for early userspace startup. See initrd.
|
|
|
|
reboot= [BUGS=IA-32,BUGS=ARM,BUGS=IA-64] Rebooting mode
|
|
Format: <reboot_mode>[,<reboot_mode2>[,...]]
|
|
See arch/*/kernel/reboot.c or arch/*/kernel/process.c
|
|
|
|
reserve= [KNL,BUGS] Force the kernel to ignore some iomem area
|
|
|
|
reservetop= [IA-32]
|
|
Format: nn[KMG]
|
|
Reserves a hole at the top of the kernel virtual
|
|
address space.
|
|
|
|
reset_devices [KNL] Force drivers to reset the underlying device
|
|
during initialization.
|
|
|
|
resume= [SWSUSP]
|
|
Specify the partition device for software suspend
|
|
|
|
resume_offset= [SWSUSP]
|
|
Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition
|
|
given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located,
|
|
in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files).
|
|
See Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
|
|
|
|
rhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
|
|
Set number of hash buckets for route cache
|
|
|
|
riscom8= [HW,SERIAL]
|
|
Format: <io_board1>[,<io_board2>[,...<io_boardN>]]
|
|
|
|
ro [KNL] Mount root device read-only on boot
|
|
|
|
root= [KNL] Root filesystem
|
|
|
|
rootdelay= [KNL] Delay (in seconds) to pause before attempting to
|
|
mount the root filesystem
|
|
|
|
rootflags= [KNL] Set root filesystem mount option string
|
|
|
|
rootfstype= [KNL] Set root filesystem type
|
|
|
|
rw [KNL] Mount root device read-write on boot
|
|
|
|
S [KNL] Run init in single mode
|
|
|
|
sa1100ir [NET]
|
|
See drivers/net/irda/sa1100_ir.c.
|
|
|
|
sb= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
|
|
|
|
sbni= [NET] Granch SBNI12 leased line adapter
|
|
|
|
sbpcd= [HW,CD] Soundblaster CD adapter
|
|
Format: <io>,<type>
|
|
See a comment before function sbpcd_setup() in
|
|
drivers/cdrom/sbpcd.c.
|
|
|
|
sc1200wdt= [HW,WDT] SC1200 WDT (watchdog) driver
|
|
Format: <io>[,<timeout>[,<isapnp>]]
|
|
|
|
scsi_debug_*= [SCSI]
|
|
See drivers/scsi/scsi_debug.c.
|
|
|
|
scsi_default_dev_flags=
|
|
[SCSI] SCSI default device flags
|
|
Format: <integer>
|
|
|
|
scsi_dev_flags= [SCSI] Black/white list entry for vendor and model
|
|
Format: <vendor>:<model>:<flags>
|
|
(flags are integer value)
|
|
|
|
scsi_logging= [SCSI]
|
|
|
|
scsi_mod.scan= [SCSI] sync (default) scans SCSI busses as they are
|
|
discovered. async scans them in kernel threads,
|
|
allowing boot to proceed. none ignores them, expecting
|
|
user space to do the scan.
|
|
|
|
selinux [SELINUX] Disable or enable SELinux at boot time.
|
|
Format: { "0" | "1" }
|
|
See security/selinux/Kconfig help text.
|
|
0 -- disable.
|
|
1 -- enable.
|
|
Default value is set via kernel config option.
|
|
If enabled at boot time, /selinux/disable can be used
|
|
later to disable prior to initial policy load.
|
|
|
|
selinux_compat_net =
|
|
[SELINUX] Set initial selinux_compat_net flag value.
|
|
Format: { "0" | "1" }
|
|
0 -- use new secmark-based packet controls
|
|
1 -- use legacy packet controls
|
|
Default value is 0 (preferred).
|
|
Value can be changed at runtime via
|
|
/selinux/compat_net.
|
|
|
|
serialnumber [BUGS=IA-32]
|
|
|
|
sg_def_reserved_size= [SCSI]
|
|
|
|
shapers= [NET]
|
|
Maximal number of shapers.
|
|
|
|
sim710= [SCSI,HW]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/sim710.c.
|
|
|
|
simeth= [IA-64]
|
|
simscsi=
|
|
|
|
sjcd= [HW,CD]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>
|
|
See header of drivers/cdrom/sjcd.c.
|
|
|
|
slram= [HW,MTD]
|
|
|
|
smart2= [HW]
|
|
Format: <io1>[,<io2>[,...,<io8>]]
|
|
|
|
snd-ad1816a= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-ad1848= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-ali5451= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-als100= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-als4000= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-azt2320= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cmi8330= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cmipci= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cs4232= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cs4236= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cs4281= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-cs46xx= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-dt019x= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-dummy= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-emu10k1= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-ens1370= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-ens1371= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-es968= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-es1688= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-es18xx= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-es1938= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-es1968= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-fm801= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-gusclassic= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-gusextreme= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-gusmax= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-hdsp= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-ice1712= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-intel8x0= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-interwave= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-interwave-stb=
|
|
[HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-korg1212= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-maestro3= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-mpu401= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-mtpav= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-nm256= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-opl3sa2= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-opti92x-ad1848=
|
|
[HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-opti92x-cs4231=
|
|
[HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-opti93x= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-pmac= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-rme32= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-rme96= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-rme9652= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sb8= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sb16= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sbawe= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-serial= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sgalaxy= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sonicvibes= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sun-amd7930=
|
|
[HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-sun-cs4231= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-trident= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-usb-audio= [HW,ALSA,USB]
|
|
|
|
snd-via82xx= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-virmidi= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-wavefront= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
snd-ymfpci= [HW,ALSA]
|
|
|
|
sonycd535= [HW,CD]
|
|
Format: <io>[,<irq>]
|
|
|
|
sonypi.*= [HW] Sony Programmable I/O Control Device driver
|
|
See Documentation/sonypi.txt
|
|
|
|
specialix= [HW,SERIAL] Specialix multi-serial port adapter
|
|
See Documentation/specialix.txt.
|
|
|
|
spia_io_base= [HW,MTD]
|
|
spia_fio_base=
|
|
spia_pedr=
|
|
spia_peddr=
|
|
|
|
sscape= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
|
|
|
|
st= [HW,SCSI] SCSI tape parameters (buffers, etc.)
|
|
See Documentation/scsi/st.txt.
|
|
|
|
st0x= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
|
|
|
|
sti= [PARISC,HW]
|
|
Format: <num>
|
|
Set the STI (builtin display/keyboard on the HP-PARISC
|
|
machines) console (graphic card) which should be used
|
|
as the initial boot-console.
|
|
See also comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
|
|
|
|
sti_font= [HW]
|
|
See comment in drivers/video/console/sticore.c.
|
|
|
|
stifb= [HW]
|
|
Format: bpp:<bpp1>[:<bpp2>[:<bpp3>...]]
|
|
|
|
swiotlb= [IA-64] Number of I/O TLB slabs
|
|
|
|
switches= [HW,M68k]
|
|
|
|
sym53c416= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/sym53c416.c.
|
|
|
|
t128= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/t128.c.
|
|
|
|
tdfx= [HW,DRM]
|
|
|
|
thash_entries= [KNL,NET]
|
|
Set number of hash buckets for TCP connection
|
|
|
|
time Show timing data prefixed to each printk message line
|
|
|
|
clocksource= [GENERIC_TIME] Override the default clocksource
|
|
Override the default clocksource and use the clocksource
|
|
with the name specified.
|
|
|
|
tipar.timeout= [HW,PPT]
|
|
Set communications timeout in tenths of a second
|
|
(default 15).
|
|
|
|
tipar.delay= [HW,PPT]
|
|
Set inter-bit delay in microseconds (default 10).
|
|
|
|
tmc8xx= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/seagate.c.
|
|
|
|
tmscsim= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See comment before function dc390_setup() in
|
|
drivers/scsi/tmscsim.c.
|
|
|
|
tp720= [HW,PS2]
|
|
|
|
trix= [HW,OSS] MediaTrix AudioTrix Pro
|
|
Format:
|
|
<io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>,<sb_io>,<sb_irq>,<sb_dma>,<mpu_io>,<mpu_irq>
|
|
|
|
tsdev.xres= [TS] Horizontal screen resolution.
|
|
tsdev.yres= [TS] Vertical screen resolution.
|
|
|
|
turbografx.map[2|3]= [HW,JOY]
|
|
TurboGraFX parallel port interface
|
|
Format:
|
|
<port#>,<js1>,<js2>,<js3>,<js4>,<js5>,<js6>,<js7>
|
|
See also Documentation/input/joystick-parport.txt
|
|
|
|
u14-34f= [HW,SCSI] UltraStor 14F/34F SCSI host adapter
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/u14-34f.c.
|
|
|
|
uart401= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>
|
|
|
|
uart6850= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>
|
|
|
|
usbhid.mousepoll=
|
|
[USBHID] The interval which mice are to be polled at.
|
|
|
|
vdso= [IA-32]
|
|
vdso=1: enable VDSO (default)
|
|
vdso=0: disable VDSO mapping
|
|
|
|
video= [FB] Frame buffer configuration
|
|
See Documentation/fb/modedb.txt.
|
|
|
|
vga= [BOOT,IA-32] Select a particular video mode
|
|
See Documentation/i386/boot.txt and
|
|
Documentation/svga.txt.
|
|
Use vga=ask for menu.
|
|
This is actually a boot loader parameter; the value is
|
|
passed to the kernel using a special protocol.
|
|
|
|
vmalloc=nn[KMG] [KNL,BOOT] Forces the vmalloc area to have an exact
|
|
size of <nn>. This can be used to increase the
|
|
minimum size (128MB on x86). It can also be used to
|
|
decrease the size and leave more room for directly
|
|
mapped kernel RAM.
|
|
|
|
vmhalt= [KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after system halt.
|
|
Format: <command>
|
|
|
|
vmpanic= [KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after kernel panic.
|
|
Format: <command>
|
|
|
|
vmpoff= [KNL,S390] Perform z/VM CP command after power off.
|
|
Format: <command>
|
|
|
|
waveartist= [HW,OSS]
|
|
Format: <io>,<irq>,<dma>,<dma2>
|
|
|
|
wd33c93= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/wd33c93.c.
|
|
|
|
wd7000= [HW,SCSI]
|
|
See header of drivers/scsi/wd7000.c.
|
|
|
|
wdt= [WDT] Watchdog
|
|
See Documentation/watchdog/watchdog.txt.
|
|
|
|
xd= [HW,XT] Original XT pre-IDE (RLL encoded) disks.
|
|
xd_geo= See header of drivers/block/xd.c.
|
|
|
|
xirc2ps_cs= [NET,PCMCIA]
|
|
Format:
|
|
<irq>,<irq_mask>,<io>,<full_duplex>,<do_sound>,<lockup_hack>[,<irq2>[,<irq3>[,<irq4>]]]
|
|
|
|
norandmaps Don't use address space randomization
|
|
Equivalent to echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
|
|
|
|
unwind_debug=N N > 0 will enable dwarf2 unwinder debugging
|
|
This is useful to get more information why
|
|
you got a "dwarf2 unwinder stuck"
|
|
|
|
______________________________________________________________________
|
|
|
|
TODO:
|
|
|
|
Add documentation for ALSA options.
|
|
Add more DRM drivers.
|
|
|