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NOTE
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----
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This document was contributed by Cirrus Logic for kernel 2.2.5. This version
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has been updated for 2.3.48 by Andrew Morton <andrewm@uow.edu.au>
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Cirrus make a copy of this driver available at their website, as
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described below. In general, you should use the driver version which
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comes with your Linux distribution.
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CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
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Linux Network Interface Driver ver. 2.00 <kernel 2.3.48>
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===============================================================================
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1.0 CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
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1.1 Product Overview
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1.2 Driver Description
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1.2.1 Driver Name
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1.2.2 File in the Driver Package
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1.3 System Requirements
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1.4 Licensing Information
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2.0 ADAPTER INSTALLATION and CONFIGURATION
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2.1 CS8900-based Adapter Configuration
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2.2 CS8920-based Adapter Configuration
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3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE
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4.0 COMPILING THE DRIVER
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4.1 Compiling the Driver as a Loadable Module
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4.2 Compiling the driver to support memory mode
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4.3 Compiling the driver to support Rx DMA
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4.4 Compiling the Driver into the Kernel
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5.0 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
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5.1 Known Defects and Limitations
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5.2 Testing the Adapter
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5.2.1 Diagnostic Self-Test
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5.2.2 Diagnostic Network Test
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5.3 Using the Adapter's LEDs
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5.4 Resolving I/O Conflicts
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6.0 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
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6.1 Contacting Cirrus Logic's Technical Support
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6.2 Information Required Before Contacting Technical Support
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6.3 Obtaining the Latest Driver Version
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6.4 Current maintainer
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6.5 Kernel boot parameters
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1.0 CIRRUS LOGIC LAN CS8900/CS8920 ETHERNET ADAPTERS
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===============================================================================
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1.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
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The CS8900-based ISA Ethernet Adapters from Cirrus Logic follow
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IEEE 802.3 standards and support half or full-duplex operation in ISA bus
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computers on 10 Mbps Ethernet networks. The adapters are designed for operation
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in 16-bit ISA or EISA bus expansion slots and are available in
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10BaseT-only or 3-media configurations (10BaseT, 10Base2, and AUI for 10Base-5
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or fiber networks).
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CS8920-based adapters are similar to the CS8900-based adapter with additional
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features for Plug and Play (PnP) support and Wakeup Frame recognition. As
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such, the configuration procedures differ somewhat between the two types of
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adapters. Refer to the "Adapter Configuration" section for details on
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configuring both types of adapters.
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1.2 DRIVER DESCRIPTION
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The CS8900/CS8920 Ethernet Adapter driver for Linux supports the Linux
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v2.3.48 or greater kernel. It can be compiled directly into the kernel
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or loaded at run-time as a device driver module.
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1.2.1 Driver Name: cs89x0
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1.2.2 Files in the Driver Archive:
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The files in the driver at Cirrus' website include:
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readme.txt - this file
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build - batch file to compile cs89x0.c.
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cs89x0.c - driver C code
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cs89x0.h - driver header file
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cs89x0.o - pre-compiled module (for v2.2.5 kernel)
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config/Config.in - sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
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config/Makefile - sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
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config/Space.c - sample file to include cs89x0 driver in the kernel.
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1.3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
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The following hardware is required:
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* Cirrus Logic LAN (CS8900/20-based) Ethernet ISA Adapter
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* IBM or IBM-compatible PC with:
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* An 80386 or higher processor
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* 16 bytes of contiguous IO space available between 210h - 370h
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* One available IRQ (5,10,11,or 12 for the CS8900, 3-7,9-15 for CS8920).
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* Appropriate cable (and connector for AUI, 10BASE-2) for your network
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topology.
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The following software is required:
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* LINUX kernel version 2.3.48 or higher
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* CS8900/20 Setup Utility (DOS-based)
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* LINUX kernel sources for your kernel (if compiling into kernel)
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* GNU Toolkit (gcc and make) v2.6 or above (if compiling into kernel
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or a module)
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1.4 LICENSING INFORMATION
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This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
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Foundation, version 1.
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This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
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ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
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more details.
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For a full copy of the GNU General Public License, write to the Free Software
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Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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2.0 ADAPTER INSTALLATION and CONFIGURATION
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===============================================================================
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Both the CS8900 and CS8920-based adapters can be configured using parameters
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stored in an on-board EEPROM. You must use the DOS-based CS8900/20 Setup
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Utility if you want to change the adapter's configuration in EEPROM.
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When loading the driver as a module, you can specify many of the adapter's
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configuration parameters on the command-line to override the EEPROM's settings
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or for interface configuration when an EEPROM is not used. (CS8920-based
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adapters must use an EEPROM.) See Section 3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE.
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Since the CS8900/20 Setup Utility is a DOS-based application, you must install
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and configure the adapter in a DOS-based system using the CS8900/20 Setup
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Utility before installation in the target LINUX system. (Not required if
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installing a CS8900-based adapter and the default configuration is acceptable.)
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2.1 CS8900-BASED ADAPTER CONFIGURATION
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CS8900-based adapters shipped from Cirrus Logic have been configured
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with the following "default" settings:
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Operation Mode: Memory Mode
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IRQ: 10
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Base I/O Address: 300
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Memory Base Address: D0000
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Optimization: DOS Client
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Transmission Mode: Half-duplex
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BootProm: None
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Media Type: Autodetect (3-media cards) or
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10BASE-T (10BASE-T only adapter)
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You should only change the default configuration settings if conflicts with
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another adapter exists. To change the adapter's configuration, run the
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CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
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2.2 CS8920-BASED ADAPTER CONFIGURATION
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CS8920-based adapters are shipped from Cirrus Logic configured as Plug
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and Play (PnP) enabled. However, since the cs89x0 driver does NOT
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support PnP, you must install the CS8920 adapter in a DOS-based PC and
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run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility to disable PnP and configure the
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adapter before installation in the target Linux system. Failure to do
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this will leave the adapter inactive and the driver will be unable to
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communicate with the adapter.
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****************************************************************
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* CS8920-BASED ADAPTERS: *
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* *
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* CS8920-BASED ADAPTERS ARE PLUG and PLAY ENABLED BY DEFAULT. *
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* THE CS89X0 DRIVER DOES NOT SUPPORT PnP. THEREFORE, YOU MUST *
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* RUN THE CS8900/20 SETUP UTILITY TO DISABLE PnP SUPPORT AND *
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* TO ACTIVATE THE ADAPTER. *
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****************************************************************
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3.0 LOADING THE DRIVER AS A MODULE
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===============================================================================
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If the driver is compiled as a loadable module, you can load the driver module
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with the 'modprobe' command. Many of the adapter's configuration parameters can
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be specified as command-line arguments to the load command. This facility
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provides a means to override the EEPROM's settings or for interface
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configuration when an EEPROM is not used.
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Example:
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insmod cs89x0.o io=0x200 irq=0xA media=aui
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This example loads the module and configures the adapter to use an IO port base
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address of 200h, interrupt 10, and use the AUI media connection. The following
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configuration options are available on the command line:
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* io=### - specify IO address (200h-360h)
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* irq=## - specify interrupt level
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* use_dma=1 - Enable DMA
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* dma=# - specify dma channel (Driver is compiled to support
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Rx DMA only)
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* dmasize=# (16 or 64) - DMA size 16K or 64K. Default value is set to 16.
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* media=rj45 - specify media type
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or media=bnc
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or media=aui
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or media=auto
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* duplex=full - specify forced half/full/autonegotiate duplex
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or duplex=half
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or duplex=auto
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* debug=# - debug level (only available if the driver was compiled
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for debugging)
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NOTES:
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a) If an EEPROM is present, any specified command-line parameter
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will override the corresponding configuration value stored in
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EEPROM.
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b) The "io" parameter must be specified on the command-line.
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c) The driver's hardware probe routine is designed to avoid
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writing to I/O space until it knows that there is a cs89x0
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card at the written addresses. This could cause problems
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with device probing. To avoid this behaviour, add one
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to the `io=' module parameter. This doesn't actually change
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the I/O address, but it is a flag to tell the driver
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topartially initialise the hardware before trying to
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identify the card. This could be dangerous if you are
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not sure that there is a cs89x0 card at the provided address.
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For example, to scan for an adapter located at IO base 0x300,
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specify an IO address of 0x301.
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d) The "duplex=auto" parameter is only supported for the CS8920.
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e) The minimum command-line configuration required if an EEPROM is
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not present is:
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io
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irq
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media type (no autodetect)
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f) The following additional parameters are CS89XX defaults (values
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used with no EEPROM or command-line argument).
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* DMA Burst = enabled
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* IOCHRDY Enabled = enabled
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* UseSA = enabled
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* CS8900 defaults to half-duplex if not specified on command-line
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* CS8920 defaults to autoneg if not specified on command-line
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* Use reset defaults for other config parameters
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* dma_mode = 0
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g) You can use ifconfig to set the adapter's Ethernet address.
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h) Many Linux distributions use the 'modprobe' command to load
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modules. This program uses the '/etc/conf.modules' file to
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determine configuration information which is passed to a driver
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module when it is loaded. All the configuration options which are
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described above may be placed within /etc/conf.modules.
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For example:
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> cat /etc/conf.modules
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...
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alias eth0 cs89x0
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options cs89x0 io=0x0200 dma=5 use_dma=1
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...
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In this example we are telling the module system that the
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ethernet driver for this machine should use the cs89x0 driver. We
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are asking 'modprobe' to pass the 'io', 'dma' and 'use_dma'
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arguments to the driver when it is loaded.
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i) Cirrus recommend that the cs89x0 use the ISA DMA channels 5, 6 or
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7. You will probably find that other DMA channels will not work.
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j) The cs89x0 supports DMA for receiving only. DMA mode is
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significantly more efficient. Flooding a 400 MHz Celeron machine
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with large ping packets consumes 82% of its CPU capacity in non-DMA
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mode. With DMA this is reduced to 45%.
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k) If your Linux kernel was compiled with inbuilt plug-and-play
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support you will be able to find information about the cs89x0 card
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with the command
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cat /proc/isapnp
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l) If during DMA operation you find erratic behavior or network data
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corruption you should use your PC's BIOS to slow the EISA bus clock.
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m) If the cs89x0 driver is compiled directly into the kernel
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(non-modular) then its I/O address is automatically determined by
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ISA bus probing. The IRQ number, media options, etc are determined
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from the card's EEPROM.
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n) If the cs89x0 driver is compiled directly into the kernel, DMA
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mode may be selected by providing the kernel with a boot option
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'cs89x0_dma=N' where 'N' is the desired DMA channel number (5, 6 or 7).
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Kernel boot options may be provided on the LILO command line:
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LILO boot: linux cs89x0_dma=5
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or they may be placed in /etc/lilo.conf:
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image=/boot/bzImage-2.3.48
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append="cs89x0_dma=5"
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label=linux
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root=/dev/hda5
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read-only
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The DMA Rx buffer size is hardwired to 16 kbytes in this mode.
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(64k mode is not available).
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4.0 COMPILING THE DRIVER
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===============================================================================
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The cs89x0 driver can be compiled directly into the kernel or compiled into
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a loadable device driver module.
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4.1 COMPILING THE DRIVER AS A LOADABLE MODULE
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To compile the driver into a loadable module, use the following command
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(single command line, without quotes):
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"gcc -D__KERNEL__ -I/usr/src/linux/include -I/usr/src/linux/net/inet -Wall
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-Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -DMODULE -DCONFIG_MODVERSIONS
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-c cs89x0.c"
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4.2 COMPILING THE DRIVER TO SUPPORT MEMORY MODE
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Support for memory mode was not carried over into the 2.3 series kernels.
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4.3 COMPILING THE DRIVER TO SUPPORT Rx DMA
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The compile-time optionality for DMA was removed in the 2.3 kernel
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series. DMA support is now unconditionally part of the driver. It is
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enabled by the 'use_dma=1' module option.
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4.4 COMPILING THE DRIVER INTO THE KERNEL
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If your Linux distribution already has support for the cs89x0 driver
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then simply copy the source file to the /usr/src/linux/drivers/net
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directory to replace the original ones and run the make utility to
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rebuild the kernel. See Step 3 for rebuilding the kernel.
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If your Linux does not include the cs89x0 driver, you need to edit three
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configuration files, copy the source file to the /usr/src/linux/drivers/net
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directory, and then run the make utility to rebuild the kernel.
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1. Edit the following configuration files by adding the statements as
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indicated. (When possible, try to locate the added text to the section of the
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file containing similar statements).
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a.) In /usr/src/linux/drivers/net/Config.in, add:
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tristate 'CS89x0 support' CONFIG_CS89x0
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Example:
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if [ "$CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL" = "y" ]; then
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tristate 'ICL EtherTeam 16i/32 support' CONFIG_ETH16I
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fi
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tristate 'CS89x0 support' CONFIG_CS89x0
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tristate 'NE2000/NE1000 support' CONFIG_NE2000
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if [ "$CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL" = "y" ]; then
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tristate 'NI5210 support' CONFIG_NI52
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b.) In /usr/src/linux/drivers/net/Makefile, add the following lines:
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_CS89x0),y)
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L_OBJS += cs89x0.o
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else
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ifeq ($(CONFIG_CS89x0),m)
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M_OBJS += cs89x0.o
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endif
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endif
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c.) In /linux/drivers/net/Space.c file, add the line:
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extern int cs89x0_probe(struct device *dev);
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Example:
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extern int ultra_probe(struct device *dev);
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extern int wd_probe(struct device *dev);
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extern int el2_probe(struct device *dev);
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extern int cs89x0_probe(struct device *dev);
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extern int ne_probe(struct device *dev);
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extern int hp_probe(struct device *dev);
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extern int hp_plus_probe(struct device *dev);
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Also add:
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#ifdef CONFIG_CS89x0
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{ cs89x0_probe,0 },
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#endif
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2.) Copy the driver source files (cs89x0.c and cs89x0.h)
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into the /usr/src/linux/drivers/net directory.
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3.) Go to /usr/src/linux directory and run 'make config' followed by 'make'
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(or make bzImage) to rebuild the kernel.
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4.) Use the DOS 'setup' utility to disable plug and play on the NIC.
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5.0 TESTING AND TROUBLESHOOTING
|
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===============================================================================
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5.1 KNOWN DEFECTS and LIMITATIONS
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|
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Refer to the RELEASE.TXT file distributed as part of this archive for a list of
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known defects, driver limitations, and work arounds.
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5.2 TESTING THE ADAPTER
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Once the adapter has been installed and configured, the diagnostic option of
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the CS8900/20 Setup Utility can be used to test the functionality of the
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adapter and its network connection. Use the diagnostics 'Self Test' option to
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test the functionality of the adapter with the hardware configuration you have
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assigned. You can use the diagnostics 'Network Test' to test the ability of the
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adapter to communicate across the Ethernet with another PC equipped with a
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CS8900/20-based adapter card (it must also be running the CS8900/20 Setup
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Utility).
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NOTE: The Setup Utility's diagnostics are designed to run in a
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DOS-only operating system environment. DO NOT run the diagnostics
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from a DOS or command prompt session under Windows 95, Windows NT,
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OS/2, or other operating system.
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To run the diagnostics tests on the CS8900/20 adapter:
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1.) Boot DOS on the PC and start the CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
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2.) The adapter's current configuration is displayed. Hit the ENTER key to
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get to the main menu.
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4.) Select 'Diagnostics' (ALT-G) from the main menu.
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* Select 'Self-Test' to test the adapter's basic functionality.
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* Select 'Network Test' to test the network connection and cabling.
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5.2.1 DIAGNOSTIC SELF-TEST
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The diagnostic self-test checks the adapter's basic functionality as well as
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its ability to communicate across the ISA bus based on the system resources
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assigned during hardware configuration. The following tests are performed:
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* IO Register Read/Write Test
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The IO Register Read/Write test insures that the CS8900/20 can be
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accessed in IO mode, and that the IO base address is correct.
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* Shared Memory Test
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The Shared Memory test insures the CS8900/20 can be accessed in memory
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mode and that the range of memory addresses assigned does not conflict
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with other devices in the system.
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* Interrupt Test
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The Interrupt test insures there are no conflicts with the assigned IRQ
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signal.
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* EEPROM Test
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The EEPROM test insures the EEPROM can be read.
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* Chip RAM Test
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The Chip RAM test insures the 4K of memory internal to the CS8900/20 is
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working properly.
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* Internal Loop-back Test
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The Internal Loop Back test insures the adapter's transmitter and
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receiver are operating properly. If this test fails, make sure the
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adapter's cable is connected to the network (check for LED activity for
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example).
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* Boot PROM Test
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The Boot PROM test insures the Boot PROM is present, and can be read.
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Failure indicates the Boot PROM was not successfully read due to a
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hardware problem or due to a conflicts on the Boot PROM address
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assignment. (Test only applies if the adapter is configured to use the
|
|
Boot PROM option.)
|
|
|
|
Failure of a test item indicates a possible system resource conflict with
|
|
another device on the ISA bus. In this case, you should use the Manual Setup
|
|
option to reconfigure the adapter by selecting a different value for the system
|
|
resource that failed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.2.2 DIAGNOSTIC NETWORK TEST
|
|
|
|
The Diagnostic Network Test verifies a working network connection by
|
|
transferring data between two CS8900/20 adapters installed in different PCs
|
|
on the same network. (Note: the diagnostic network test should not be run
|
|
between two nodes across a router.)
|
|
|
|
This test requires that each of the two PCs have a CS8900/20-based adapter
|
|
installed and have the CS8900/20 Setup Utility running. The first PC is
|
|
configured as a Responder and the other PC is configured as an Initiator.
|
|
Once the Initiator is started, it sends data frames to the Responder which
|
|
returns the frames to the Initiator.
|
|
|
|
The total number of frames received and transmitted are displayed on the
|
|
Initiator's display, along with a count of the number of frames received and
|
|
transmitted OK or in error. The test can be terminated anytime by the user at
|
|
either PC.
|
|
|
|
To setup the Diagnostic Network Test:
|
|
|
|
1.) Select a PC with a CS8900/20-based adapter and a known working network
|
|
connection to act as the Responder. Run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility
|
|
and select 'Diagnostics -> Network Test -> Responder' from the main
|
|
menu. Hit ENTER to start the Responder.
|
|
|
|
2.) Return to the PC with the CS8900/20-based adapter you want to test and
|
|
start the CS8900/20 Setup Utility.
|
|
|
|
3.) From the main menu, Select 'Diagnostic -> Network Test -> Initiator'.
|
|
Hit ENTER to start the test.
|
|
|
|
You may stop the test on the Initiator at any time while allowing the Responder
|
|
to continue running. In this manner, you can move to additional PCs and test
|
|
them by starting the Initiator on another PC without having to stop/start the
|
|
Responder.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.3 USING THE ADAPTER'S LEDs
|
|
|
|
The 2 and 3-media adapters have two LEDs visible on the back end of the board
|
|
located near the 10Base-T connector.
|
|
|
|
Link Integrity LED: A "steady" ON of the green LED indicates a valid 10Base-T
|
|
connection. (Only applies to 10Base-T. The green LED has no significance for
|
|
a 10Base-2 or AUI connection.)
|
|
|
|
TX/RX LED: The yellow LED lights briefly each time the adapter transmits or
|
|
receives data. (The yellow LED will appear to "flicker" on a typical network.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.4 RESOLVING I/O CONFLICTS
|
|
|
|
An IO conflict occurs when two or more adapter use the same ISA resource (IO
|
|
address, memory address or IRQ). You can usually detect an IO conflict in one
|
|
of four ways after installing and or configuring the CS8900/20-based adapter:
|
|
|
|
1.) The system does not boot properly (or at all).
|
|
|
|
2.) The driver cannot communicate with the adapter, reporting an "Adapter
|
|
not found" error message.
|
|
|
|
3.) You cannot connect to the network or the driver will not load.
|
|
|
|
4.) If you have configured the adapter to run in memory mode but the driver
|
|
reports it is using IO mode when loading, this is an indication of a
|
|
memory address conflict.
|
|
|
|
If an IO conflict occurs, run the CS8900/20 Setup Utility and perform a
|
|
diagnostic self-test. Normally, the ISA resource in conflict will fail the
|
|
self-test. If so, reconfigure the adapter selecting another choice for the
|
|
resource in conflict. Run the diagnostics again to check for further IO
|
|
conflicts.
|
|
|
|
In some cases, such as when the PC will not boot, it may be necessary to remove
|
|
the adapter and reconfigure it by installing it in another PC to run the
|
|
CS8900/20 Setup Utility. Once reinstalled in the target system, run the
|
|
diagnostics self-test to ensure the new configuration is free of conflicts
|
|
before loading the driver again.
|
|
|
|
When manually configuring the adapter, keep in mind the typical ISA system
|
|
resource usage as indicated in the tables below.
|
|
|
|
I/O Address Device IRQ Device
|
|
----------- -------- --- --------
|
|
200-20F Game I/O adapter 3 COM2, Bus Mouse
|
|
230-23F Bus Mouse 4 COM1
|
|
270-27F LPT3: third parallel port 5 LPT2
|
|
2F0-2FF COM2: second serial port 6 Floppy Disk controller
|
|
320-32F Fixed disk controller 7 LPT1
|
|
8 Real-time Clock
|
|
9 EGA/VGA display adapter
|
|
12 Mouse (PS/2)
|
|
Memory Address Device 13 Math Coprocessor
|
|
-------------- --------------------- 14 Hard Disk controller
|
|
A000-BFFF EGA Graphics Adpater
|
|
A000-C7FF VGA Graphics Adpater
|
|
B000-BFFF Mono Graphics Adapter
|
|
B800-BFFF Color Graphics Adapter
|
|
E000-FFFF AT BIOS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.0 TECHNICAL SUPPORT
|
|
===============================================================================
|
|
|
|
6.1 CONTACTING CIRRUS LOGIC'S TECHNICAL SUPPORT
|
|
|
|
Cirrus Logic's CS89XX Technical Application Support can be reached at:
|
|
|
|
Telephone :(800) 888-5016 (from inside U.S. and Canada)
|
|
:(512) 442-7555 (from outside the U.S. and Canada)
|
|
Fax :(512) 912-3871
|
|
Email :ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com
|
|
WWW :http://www.cirrus.com
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.2 INFORMATION REQUIRED BEFORE CONTACTING TECHNICAL SUPPORT
|
|
|
|
Before contacting Cirrus Logic for technical support, be prepared to provide as
|
|
Much of the following information as possible.
|
|
|
|
1.) Adapter type (CRD8900, CDB8900, CDB8920, etc.)
|
|
|
|
2.) Adapter configuration
|
|
|
|
* IO Base, Memory Base, IO or memory mode enabled, IRQ, DMA channel
|
|
* Plug and Play enabled/disabled (CS8920-based adapters only)
|
|
* Configured for media auto-detect or specific media type (which type).
|
|
|
|
3.) PC System's Configuration
|
|
|
|
* Plug and Play system (yes/no)
|
|
* BIOS (make and version)
|
|
* System make and model
|
|
* CPU (type and speed)
|
|
* System RAM
|
|
* SCSI Adapter
|
|
|
|
4.) Software
|
|
|
|
* CS89XX driver and version
|
|
* Your network operating system and version
|
|
* Your system's OS version
|
|
* Version of all protocol support files
|
|
|
|
5.) Any Error Message displayed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.3 OBTAINING THE LATEST DRIVER VERSION
|
|
|
|
You can obtain the latest CS89XX drivers and support software from Cirrus Logic's
|
|
Web site. You can also contact Cirrus Logic's Technical Support (email:
|
|
ethernet@crystal.cirrus.com) and request that you be registered for automatic
|
|
software-update notification.
|
|
|
|
Cirrus Logic maintains a web page at http://www.cirrus.com with the
|
|
the latest drivers and technical publications.
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.4 Current maintainer
|
|
|
|
In February 2000 the maintenance of this driver was assumed by Andrew
|
|
Morton <akpm@zip.com.au>
|
|
|
|
6.5 Kernel module parameters
|
|
|
|
For use in embedded environments with no cs89x0 EEPROM, the kernel boot
|
|
parameter `cs89x0_media=' has been implemented. Usage is:
|
|
|
|
cs89x0_media=rj45 or
|
|
cs89x0_media=aui or
|
|
cs89x0_media=bnc
|
|
|
|
|