On x86_64 machines with more than 2 GB of RAM there are large memory gaps
(with no corresponding kernel virtual addresses) and reserved memory
regions between areas of usable physical RAM. Moreover, if CONFIG_FLATMEM
is set, they appear within the normal zone. swsusp should not try to save
them, so the corresponding page structs have to be marked as 'nosave'.
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
If we're going to implement smp_call_function_single() on three architecture
with the same prototype then it should have a declaration in a
non-arch-specific header file.
Move it into <linux/smp.h>.
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@hpl.hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
To prevent the emulated RTC timer from stopping when interrupts are delayed
for too long, disable interrupts around all of the register initialization,
and check that the interrupt handler did not schedule the next interrupt in
the past.
Signed-off-by: Clemens Ladisch <clemens@ladisch.de>
Cc: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Vojtech Pavlik <vojtech@suse.cz>
Cc: Robert Picco <Robert.Picco@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
One of the changes necessary for shared page tables is to standardize the
pxx_page macros. pte_page and pmd_page have always returned the struct
page associated with their entry, while pte_page_kernel and pmd_page_kernel
have returned the kernel virtual address. pud_page and pgd_page, on the
other hand, return the kernel virtual address.
Shared page tables needs pud_page and pgd_page to return the actual page
structures. There are very few actual users of these functions, so it is
simple to standardize their usage.
Since this is basic cleanup, I am submitting these changes as a standalone
patch. Per Hugh Dickins' comments about it, I am also changing the
pxx_page_kernel macros to pxx_page_vaddr to clarify their meaning.
Signed-off-by: Dave McCracken <dmccr@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Make ZONE_DMA32 optional
- Add #ifdefs around ZONE_DMA32 specific code and definitions.
- Add CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32 config option and use that for x86_64
that alone needs this zone.
- Remove the use of CONFIG_DMA_IS_DMA32 and CONFIG_DMA_IS_NORMAL
for ia64 and fix up the way per node ZVCs are calculated.
- Fall back to prior GFP_ZONEMASK of 0x03 if there is no
DMA32 zone.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
I keep seeing zones on various platforms that are never used and wonder why we
compile support for them into the kernel. Counters show up for HIGHMEM and
DMA32 that are alway zero.
This patch allows the removal of ZONE_DMA32 for non x86_64 architectures and
it will get rid of ZONE_HIGHMEM for arches not using highmem (like 64 bit
architectures). If an arch does not define CONFIG_HIGHMEM then ZONE_HIGHMEM
will not be defined. Similarly if an arch does not define CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
then ZONE_DMA32 will not be defined.
No current architecture uses all the 4 zones (DMA,DMA32,NORMAL,HIGH) that we
have now. The patchset will reduce the number of zones for all platforms.
On many platforms that do not have DMA32 or HIGHMEM this will reduce the
number of zones by 50%. F.e. ia64 only uses DMA and NORMAL.
Large amounts of memory can be saved for larger systemss that may have a few
hundred NUMA nodes.
With ZONE_DMA32 and ZONE_HIGHMEM support optional MAX_NR_ZONES will be 2 for
many non i386 platforms and even for i386 without CONFIG_HIGHMEM set.
Tested on ia64, x86_64 and on i386 with and without highmem.
The patchset consists of 11 patches that are following this message.
One could go even further than this patchset and also make ZONE_DMA optional
because some platforms do not need a separate DMA zone and can do DMA to all
of memory. This could reduce MAX_NR_ZONES to 1. Such a patchset will
hopefully follow soon.
This patch:
Fix strange uses of MAX_NR_ZONES
Sometimes we use MAX_NR_ZONES - x to refer to a zone. Make that explicit.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add supplemental SSE3 instructions flag, and Direct Cache Access flag.
As described in "Intel Processor idenfication and the CPUID instruction
AP485 Sept 2006"
AK: also added for x86-64
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
The counter is exported to /sys that keeps track of the
number of thermal events, such that the user knows how bad the
thermal problem might be (since the logging to syslog and mcelog
is rate limited).
AK: Fixed cpu hotplug locking
Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Zavin <dmitriyz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Refactor the event processing (syslog messaging and rate limiting)
into separate file therm_throt.c. This allows consistent reporting
of CPU thermal throttle events.
After ACK'ing the interrupt, if the event is current, the user
(p4.c/mce_intel.c) calls therm_throt_process to log (and rate limit)
the event. If that function returns 1, the user has the option to log
things further (such as to mce_log in x86_64).
AK: minor cleanup
Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Zavin <dmitriyz@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Some buggy systems can machine check when config space accesses
happen for some non existent devices. i386/x86-64 do some early
device scans that might trigger this. Allow pci=noearly to disable
this. Also when type 1 is disabling also don't do any early
accesses which are always type1.
This moves the pci= configuration parsing to be a early parameter.
I don't think this can break anything because it only changes
a single global that is only used by PCI.
Cc: gregkh@suse.de
Cc: Trammell Hudson <hudson@osresearch.net>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
This is useful on systems with broken PCI bus. Affects various
scans in x86-64 and i386's early ACPI quirk scan.
Cc: gregkh@suse.de
Cc: len.brown@intel.com
Cc: Trammell Hudson <hudson@osresearch.net>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
SYSENTER can cause a NT to be set which might cause crashes on the IRET
in the next task.
Following similar i386 patch from Linus.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Current gcc generates calls not jumps to noreturn functions. When that happens the
return address can point to the next function, which confuses the unwinder.
This patch works around it by marking asynchronous exception
frames in contrast normal call frames in the unwind information. Then teach
the unwinder to decode this.
For normal call frames the unwinder now subtracts one from the address which avoids
this problem. The standard libgcc unwinder uses the same trick.
It doesn't include adjustment of the printed address (i.e. for the original
example, it'd still be kernel_math_error+0 that gets displayed, but the
unwinder wouldn't get confused anymore.
This only works with binutils 2.6.17+ and some versions of H.J.Lu's 2.6.16
unfortunately because earlier binutils don't support .cfi_signal_frame
[AK: added automatic detection of the new binutils and wrote description]
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
We do some additional CPU synchronization in gettimeofday et.al. to make
sure the time stamps are always monotonic over multiple CPUs. But on
single core systems that is not needed. So don't do it.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Got it. i8259A_resume calls init_8259A(0) unconditionally, even if
auto_eoi has been set. Keep track of the current status and restore that
on resume. This fixes it for AMD64 and i386.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@srcf.ucam.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
On Sat, Sep 09, 2006 at 04:14:29PM +0200, Andi Kleen wrote:
> [patch] Looks reasonable, but probably not for 2.6.18 because this stuff
> is already too fragile and it is probably too risky to do any big changes now
> since not enough testing time is left. Can you please resubmit
> it with proper description and signed-off-by line? I can queue it for .19 then
>
> -Andi
Patch inserts PCI memory mapped config region(s) into the resource map. This
will allow for the MMCCONFIG regions to be marked as busy in the iomem
address space as well as the regions(s) showing up in /proc/iomem.
Signed-off-by: Aaron Durbin <adurbin@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Patch inserts the GART region into the iomem resource map. The GART will then
be visible within /proc/iomem. It will also allow for other users
utilizing the GART to subreserve the region (agp or IOMMU).
Signed-off-by: Aaron Durbin <adurbin@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Needs earlier patch to split type 1 probing from use.
This patch should fix the x86 macs where type 1 PCI config space access
doesn't work, but MCFG does. They also don't have a usable e820 table
so the e820 sanity check failed.
Instead assume now that if type 1 doesn't work then MCFG must work
and don't do the e820 check.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
First probe if type1/2 accesses work, but then only initialize them at the end.
This is useful for a later patch that needs this information inbetween.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Previously exit_idle would be called more often than enter_idle
Now instead of using complicated tests just keep track of it
using the per CPU variable as a flip flop. I moved the idle state into the
PDA to make the access more efficient.
Original bug report and an initial patch from Stephane Eranian,
but redone by AK.
Cc: Stephane Eranian <eranian@hpl.hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
kexec has been marked experimental for a year now and all
of the serious problems have been worked through. So it
is time (if not past time) to remove the experimental mark.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Before 2.6.16 this was changed to work around code that accessed
CPUs not in the possible map. But that code should be all fixed now,
so mark it __initdata again.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
- Don't zero for __copy_from_user_inatomic following i386.
This will prevent spurious zeros for parallel file system writers when
one does a exception
- The string instruction version didn't zero the output on
exception. Oops.
Also I cleaned up the code a bit while I was at it and added a minor
optimization to the string instruction path.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
This patch places the IOAPIC(s) and the Local APIC specified by ACPI
tables into the resource map. The APICs will then be visible within
/proc/iomem
Signed-off-by: Aaron Durbin <adurbin@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Fix
linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c: In function __switch_to:
linux/arch/x86_64/kernel/process.c:626: warning: assignment makes integer from pointer without a cast
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Add a feature check that checks that the gcc compiler has stack-protector
support and has the bugfix for PR28281 to make this work in kernel mode.
The easiest solution I could find was to have a shell script in scripts/
to do the detection; if needed we can make this fancier in the future
without making the makefile too complex.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
CC: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
CC: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
This patch adds the per thread cookie field to the task struct and the PDA.
Also it makes sure that the PDA value gets the new cookie value at context
switch, and that a new task gets a new cookie at task creation time.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
CC: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
This patch adds the config options for -fstack-protector.
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
CC: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Because it can take spinlocks.
Suggested by Mathieu Desnoyers
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <compudj@krystal.dyndns.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
kexec: Avoid overwriting the current pgd (V4, x86_64)
This patch upgrades the x86_64-specific kexec code to avoid overwriting the
current pgd. Overwriting the current pgd is bad when CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP is used
to start a secondary kernel that dumps the memory of the previous kernel.
The code introduces a new set of page tables. These tables are used to provide
an executable identity mapping without overwriting the current pgd.
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <magnus@valinux.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Remove most of the special cases for the debug IST stack. This is a
follow on clean up patch, it requires the bug fix patch that adds
orig_ist.
Signed-off-by: Keith Owens <kaos@ocs.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Based on a idea by Jeremy Fitzhardinge:
Replace the volatiles and memory clobbers in the PDA access with
telling gcc about access to a proxy PDA structure that doesn't
actually exist. But the dummy accesses give a defined ordering for
read/write accesses.
Also add some memory barriers to the early GS initialization to
make sure no PDA access is moved before it.
Advantage is some .text savings (probably most from better
code for accessing "current"):
text data bss dec hex filename
4845647 1223688 615864 6685199 66020f vmlinux
4837780 1223688 615864 6677332 65e354 vmlinux-pda
1.2% smaller code
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
This patch updates x86_64 linker script to pack any .note.* sections
into a PT_NOTE segment in the output file.
To do this, we tell ld that we need a PT_NOTE segment. This requires
us to start explicitly mapping sections to segments, so we also need
to explicitly create PT_LOAD segments for text and data, and map the
sections to them appropriately. Fortunately, each section will
default to its previous section's segment, so it doesn't take many
changes to vmlinux.lds.S.
The corresponding change is already made for i386 in -mm and I'd like
this patch to join it. The section to segment mappings do change as do
the segment flags so some time in -mm would be good for that reason as
well, just in case.
In particular .data and .bss move from the text segment to the data
segment and .data.cacheline_aligned .data.read_mostly are put in the
data segment instead of a separate one.
I think that it would be possible to exactly match the existing section
to segment mapping and flags but it would be a more intrusive change and
I'm not sure there is a reason for the existing layout other than it is
what you get by default if you don't explicitly specify something else.
If there is a reason for the existing layout then I will of course make
the more intrusive change. If there is no reason we could probably drop
the executable or writable flags from some segments but I don't know how
much attention is paid to them anyway so it might not be worth the
effort.
The vsyscall related sections need to go in a different segment to the
normal data segment and so I invented a "user" segment to contain them.
I believe this should appear to be another data segment as far as the
kernel is concerned so the flags are setup accordingly.
The notes will be used in the Xen paravirt_ops backend to provide
additional information to the domain builder. I am in the process of
converting the xen-unstable kernels and tools over to this scheme at the
moment to support this in the future.
It has been suggested to me that the notes segment should have flags 0
(i.e. not readable) since it is only used by the loader and is not used
at runtime. For now I went with a readable segment since that is what
the i386 patch uses.
AK: dropped NOTES addition right now because the needed infrastructure
for that is not merged yet
Signed-off-by: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@xensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
In long mode the %cs is largely a relic. However there are a few cases
like iret where it matters that we have a valid value. Without this
patch it is possible to enter the kernel in startup_64 without setting
%cs to a valid value. With this patch we don't care what %cs value
we enter the kernel with, so long as the cs shadow register indicates
it is a privileged code segment.
Thanks to Magnus Damm for finding this problem and posting the
first workable patch. I have moved the jump to set %cs down a
few instructions so we don't need to take an extra jump. Which
keeps the code simpler.
Signed-of-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Drop support for non e820 BIOS calls to get the memory map.
The boot assembler code still has some support, but not the C code now.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
When compiling a 64-bit kernel on an Ubuntu 6.06 32bit system (whose GCC is also
a cross-compiler for x86_64) I've seen that head.o is compiled as a 64-bit file
(while it should not) and ld complaining about this during linking:
[AK: it happens on all systems with new binutils]
ld: warning: i386:x86-64 architecture of input file
`arch/x86_64/boot/compressed/head.o' is incompatible with i386 output
I've verified that removing -m64 from compilation flags to turn
"-m64 -traditional -m32" into "-traditional -m32" fixes the issue.
Signed-off-by: Paolo 'Blaisorblade' Giarrusso <blaisorblade@yahoo.it>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
NMIs are not supposed to track the irq flags, but TRACE_IRQS_IRETQ
did it anyways. Add a check.
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
- Remove a define that was used only once
- Remove the too large APIC ID check because we always support
the full 8bit range of APICs.
- Restructure code a bit to be simpler.
Cc: len.brown@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
ACPI went to great trouble to get the APIC version and CPU capabilities
of different CPUs before passing them to the mpparser. But all
that data was used was to print it out. Actually it even faked some data
based on the boot cpu, not on the actual CPU being booted.
Remove all this code because it's not needed.
Cc: len.brown@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Rafael J. Wysocki