All code which accessed indirect registers was similar
in respect to the for-loop, the given timeout, etc.
Move it into a seperate function, which for PCI drivers
can be moved into rt2x00pci.
This allows us to cleanup the cleanup the code further
by removing the goto statementsand making the codepath
look a bit nicer.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Indirect registers require multiple calls to the CSR
register in order to access the indirect registers.
This must be protected under a lock to prevent race
conditions which could cause invalid data to
be returned when reading from the indirect register or silent
failures when writing data to the indirect register.
USB drivers where already protected under a mutex,
so rename the mutex and make PCI drivers use the mutex
as well.
This now means that BBP and RF registers are no longer
accessible in interrupt context. That is not a bad
situation since the slow behavior of accessing
those registers means we don't _want_ to access them
in interrupt context either.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
We can optimize get_duration and get_duration_res
by making them a macro. They are really simple
calculation handlers so this doesn't matter much.
Often (especially in rt2400pci and rt2500pci,
the arguments are hardcoded, and the result value
is passed into other hardcoded values.
By making the functions a macro GCC can
optimize the entire thing much better.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Merge the callback functions init_txentry() and
init_rxentry(). This makes life in rt2x00lib a
lot simpler and we can cleanup several functions.
rt2x00pci contained "fake" FIELD definitions for
descriptor words. This is not flexible since it
assumes the driver will always have the same field
to indicate if a driver is available or not.
This should be dependent on the driver, and we
should add a callback function for this.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Move calculation of CSR register offset into rt2x00debug.c
and remove the wrapper functions from each individual driver.
(Except rt2500usb, which still needs to wrap for the
different value type argument).
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Implement latest changed from mac80211 configuration
handling to optmize configuration handling in rt2x00.
* Remove set_retry_limit callback function, handled
through config()
* Move config_antenna to its own callback function,
it isn't handled by mac80211 anymore
* Use IEEE80211_CONF_CHANGED_* flags and remove manual
checks
* Removed deprecated short slot setting through config()
and put it in config_erp() through which mac80211 now
configures it
* Remove config_phymode() and move contents to config_erp()
since it only managed the basic rates which is now
determined by mac80211 through config_erp().
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Instead of having a separate callback, use the HW config callback
with a new flag to change retry limits.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
This converts pretty much everything to print_mac. There were
a few things that had conflicts which I have just dropped for
now, no harm done.
I've built an allyesconfig with this and looked at the files
that weren't built very carefully, but it's a huge patch.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
There isn't really a good reason to have the LED
configuration options selectable per driver, lets
make it default 'y' and make it depend on the
NEW_LEDS and LEDS_CLASS interface.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
RFKILL should be enabled for _all_ hardware whether
or not they feature a rfkill button or not.
Remove driver specific RFKILL configuration options
and make the rt2x00lib version depend on CONFIG_RFKILL
and defaulting to 'y' to make sure it will always
be enabled when RFKILL was enabled.
This also fixes some bugs where RFKILL wasn't initialized
and didn't respond to RFKILL key presses.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Instead of using the PLCP flag to indicate if the
signal value is plcp or the bitrate we should add
a new flag to mark the bitrate type explicitely.
This is usefull when new types are added later for
rt2800.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Some of the flags should be accessed atomically to
prevent race conditions. The flags that are most important
are those that can change often and indicate the actual
state of the device, queue or queue entry.
The big flag rename was done to move all state flags to
the same naming type as the other rt2x00dev flags and
made sure all places where the flags were used were changed. ;)
Thanks to Stephen for most of the queue flags updates,
which fixes some of the most obvious consequences of the
race conditions. Among those the notorious:
rt2x00queue_write_tx_frame: Error - Arrived at non-free entry in the non-full queue 0.
rt2x00queue_write_tx_frame: Error - Arrived at non-free entry in the non-full queue 0.
rt2x00queue_write_tx_frame: Error - Arrived at non-free entry in the non-full queue 0.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Blackheath <tramp.enshrine.stephen@blacksapphire.com>
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Channel information which is read from EEPROM should
be read into an array containing per-channel information.
This removes the requirement of multiple arrays and makes
the channel handling a bit cleaner and easier to expand.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
In kernel version 2.6.26-rc9 my wireless LAN card worked; but in the
released 2.6.26, my RaLink rt2500 card wouldn't associate.
Git-bisect led me to this patch:
61486e0f68
rt2x00: Remove ieee80211_tx_control argument from write_tx_desc()
I believe that there is a problem with that patch --- it
(inadvertantly) removes an extra line of code, that used to set the
DATABYTE_COUNT field.
This patch reinstates that line, and with it my card works again.
Signed-off-by: Peter Chubb <peterc@gelato.unsw.edu.au>
Acked-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
With the new beacon handling from mac80211 we can
reorganize the beacon handling in rt2x00 as well.
This patch will move the function to the TX handlers,
and move all duplicate code into rt2x00queue.c.
After this change the descriptor helper functions
from rt2x00queue.c no longer need to be exported
outside of rt2x00lib and can be declared static.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
This patch changes mac80211's beacon configuration handling
to never pass skbs to the driver directly but rather always
require the driver to use ieee80211_beacon_get(). Additionally,
it introduces "change flags" on the config_interface() call
to enable drivers to figure out what is changing. Finally, it
removes the beacon_update() driver callback in favour of
having IBSS beacon delivered by ieee80211_beacon_get() as well.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
As soon as init_registers() was called, the rt2400/rt2500
would start raising beacondone interrupts. Since this is highly
premature since no beacons were provided yet, we should
initialize the synchronization register to 0.
This will make all drivers initialize it to 0 regardless
if they are raising beacondone interrupts or not, since it only
makes sense to have it completely disabled.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
With a bit of code moving to rt2x00lib within the
TX and RX paths we can now remove a lot of EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL()
statements. This cleans up the interface between rt2x00lib
and the drivers and has the additional benefit that rt2x00pci
and rt2x00usb are trimmed down in size as well since they
have less to do.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
The current PCI drivers require a lot of pre-allocated DMA buffers. Reduce this
by using dynamically mapped skb's (using pci_map_single) instead of the pre-
allocated DMA buffers that are allocated at device start-up time.
At the same time move common RX path code into rt2x00lib from rt2x00pci and
rt2x00usb, as the RX paths now are now almost the same.
Signed-off-by: Gertjan van Wingerde <gwingerde@kpnplanet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
At the same time clean up the device administration a bit, by storing a pointer
to struct device instead of a void pointer that is dependent on the type of
device. The normal PCI and USB subsystem provided macros can be used to convert
the device pointer to the right type.
This makes the rt2x00 driver a bit more type-safe.
Signed-off-by: Gertjan van Wingerde <gwingerde@kpnplanet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
The data and data_len fields aren't really necessary in struct
skb_frame_desc, as they can be deduced from the skb itself.
Signed-off-by: Gertjan van Wingerde <gwingerde@kpnplanet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
TX queues shouldn't be kicked after each frame that is put into the
queue. This could cause problems during RTS and CTS-to-self as well
as with fragmentation. In all those cases you want all frames to be
send out in a single burst. Off course we shouldn't let the queue fill
up entirely, thus we introduce a 10% threshold which, when reached,
will force the frames to be send out regardless of the frame.
In addition we should prevent queues to become full in such a way
that the tx() handler can fail. Instead of stopping the queue when
it is full, we should stop it when it is below the threshold.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Reduce code duplication by moving led structure initialization
into a per-driver function.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
* Reduce goto usage
* Mark if-statements which are true on hardware error unlikely()
* Cleanup debug messages
This makes the code look nicer and be better optimized since
the chance of hardware errors should be very small.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
This patch converts mac80211 and all drivers to have transmit
information and status in skb->cb rather than allocating extra
memory for it and copying all the data around. To make it fit,
a union is used where only data that is necessary for all steps
is kept outside of the union.
A number of fixes were done by Ivo, as well as the rt2x00 part
of this patch.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
With the pending removal of the tx_control structure
we can merge the RX and TX entry private data structure
in advance. This will temporarily increase the required
memory for the queue, but that overhead will only be limited.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
the rxdesc structure is properly memsetted before passed to
the driver. This means we don't have to reinitialize the flags
and dev_flags fields in the drivers again.
This will prevent problems when the rxdone handler is adding
flags in a earlier status and will make the code look nicer
when we are adding more read attributes in the rxdone handler
in the driver.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Split rt2x00lib_write_tx_desc() up into a TX descriptor initializor
and TX descriptor writer.
This split is required to properly allow mac80211 to move its
tx_control structure into the skb->cb array.
The rt2x00queue_create_tx_descriptor() function will read all tx control
information and convert it into a rt2x00 TX descriptor information structure.
After that function is complete, we have all information we needed from the
tx control structure and are free to start writing into the skb->cb array
for our own purposes.
rt2x00queue_write_tx_descriptor() will be in charge of really sending
the TX descriptor to the hardware and kicking the TX queue.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
In preparation of replacing the statically allocated data DMA buffers with DMA-mapped
skb's we need to change the TXD handling of the PCI drivers, by moving the programming
of the buffer address fields to the actual TXD writing at TX time, instead of at start-up
time.
Signed-off-by: Gertjan van Wingerde <gwingerde@kpnplanet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
With the integration of the mac80211 multiqueue patches it has become possible that the
mac80211 layer modifies the number of TX queues that is stored inside the ieee80211_hw
structure, especially when multi-queue is not selected.
The rt2x00 drivers are not well suited to handle that situation, as they allocate the
queue structures before mac80211 has modified the number of queues it is going to use,
and also expect the number of allocated queues to match the hardware implementation.
Hence, ensure that rt2x00 maintains by itself the number of queues that the hardware
supports, and, at the same time, making is not dependent on the preservation of contents
inside a mac80211 structure.
Signed-off-by: Gertjan van Wingerde <gwingerde@kpnplanet.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Move the last remaining information details read from ieee80211_tx_control
in the drivers to the txentry_desc structure. After this we can
remove ieee80211_tx_control from the argument list for the callback function,
which makes it easier when the control information is moved into skb->cb
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
The tx_status enumeration was broken since the introduction
of rt61pci. That driver uses different values to report the
status of the tx action.
This would lead to frames that were reported as success but
actually failed to be send out, or frames that were neither
successfull or failure which were reported as failure.
Fix this by change the TX status reporting and more explicitely
check for failure or success. Note that a third possibility is
added "unknown". Not all hardware (USB) can report the actual
TX status, for rt61pci some frames will receive this status
because the TXdone handler is never called for those frames.
This unknown will now be handled as neither success or failure,
so we no longer increment the failure counter while this conclusion
could not be determined from the real status of the frame.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
trying to clean up the signal/noise code. the previous code in mac80211 had
confusing names for the related variables, did not have much definition of
what units of signal and noise were provided and used implicit mechanisms from
the wireless extensions.
this patch introduces hardware capability flags to let the hardware specify
clearly if it can provide signal and noise level values and which units it can
provide. this also anticipates possible new units like RCPI in the future.
for signal:
IEEE80211_HW_SIGNAL_UNSPEC - unspecified, unknown, hw specific
IEEE80211_HW_SIGNAL_DB - dB difference to unspecified reference point
IEEE80211_HW_SIGNAL_DBM - dBm, difference to 1mW
for noise we currently only have dBm:
IEEE80211_HW_NOISE_DBM - dBm, difference to 1mW
if IEEE80211_HW_SIGNAL_UNSPEC or IEEE80211_HW_SIGNAL_DB is used the driver has
to provide the maximum value (max_signal) it reports in order for applications
to make sense of the signal values.
i tried my best to find out for each driver what it can provide and update it
but i'm not sure (?) for some of them and used the more conservative guess in
doubt. this can be fixed easily after this patch has been merged by changing
the hardware flags of the driver.
DRIVER SIGNAL MAX NOISE QUAL
-----------------------------------------------------------------
adm8211 unspec(?) 100 n/a missing
at76_usb unspec(?) (?) unused missing
ath5k dBm dBm percent rssi
b43legacy dBm dBm percent jssi(?)
b43 dBm dBm percent jssi(?)
iwl-3945 dBm dBm percent snr+more
iwl-4965 dBm dBm percent snr+more
p54 unspec 127 n/a missing
rt2x00 dBm n/a percent rssi+tx/rx frame success
rt2400 dBm n/a
rt2500pci dBm n/a
rt2500usb dBm n/a
rt61pci dBm n/a
rt73usb dBm n/a
rtl8180 unspec(?) 65 n/a (?)
rtl8187 unspec(?) 65 (?) noise(?)
zd1211 dB(?) 100 n/a percent
drivers/net/wireless/ath5k/base.c: Changes-licensed-under: 3-Clause-BSD
Signed-off-by: Bruno Randolf <br1@einfach.org>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Use the rt2x00 queue enumeration as much as possible,
removing the usage of the mac80211 queue numbering
wherever it is possible.
This makes it easier for mac80211 to change it queue
identification scheme without having to deal with
big changes in the rt2x00 code.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
There was an obvious typo in LED structure
initialization which caused the radio and quality/activity
leds to be incorrectly initialized which resulted in
the leds not being enabled.
Additionally add the rt2x00led_led_activity() handler
that will enable TX/RX activity leds when the radio
is being enabled.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
The timing settings for 1MBs should exclude
the short preamble bit since that only applies
to 2MBs, 5.5MBs and 11MBs.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Implement triggers inside rt2x00 itself based
on input from mac80211. This replaces the method
of using the mac80211 trigger events which do
not work for USB drivers due to the scheduling
requirement.
After this patch RT2500USB_LEDS and RT73USB_LEDS
no longer need to be tagged as broken since they
now support LED handling again without having to
check for in_atomic().
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
The TO_DS filter does not only depend on the FIF_PROMISC_IN_BSS flag
provided by mac80211, but also on the intf_ap_count count.
This makes sense, since when Master mode is active, we should all frames
that are send to the active AP (the device itself).
This means that when an interface is added we should force the
packet filter to be updated during the next mac80211 call of
configure_filter() to make sure the intf_ap_count field is checked.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
rt73usb and rt2500usb used in_atomic to determine
if a configuration step should be rescheduled or not.
Since in_atomic() is not a valid method to determine
if sleeping is allowed we should fix the way this is handled
by adding a new flag to rt2x00.
In addition mark LED class support for the drivers broken
since that also uses the broken in_atomic() method but
so far no solution exists to have LED triggers work only
in scheduled context.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
The rxdone_entry_desc structure contains 3 fields
which are always 1 or 0. We can safe 8 bytes by
replacing them with a single dev_flags fields which
contain the flags for those settings.
Additionally we can remove the OFDM flag since it
is no longer used since the introduction of the
SIGNAL_PLCP flag.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
After sampling hundreds of RX frame descriptors,
the results were conclusive:
- The Ralink documentation regarding the SIGNAL and RSSI are wrong.
It turns out that of the 5 BBR registers, we should not use BBR0 and BBR1
for SIGNAL and RSSI respectively, but actually BBR1 and BBR2.
BBR0 does show values, but the exact meaning remains unclear,
but they cannot be translated into a SIGNAL or RSSI field.
BBR3, BBR4 and BBR5 are always 0, so their meaning is unknown.
As it turns out, the reported SIGNAL is the PLCP value, this
in contradiction to what was expected looking at rt2500pci which
only reported the PLCP values for OFDM rates and bitrate values
for CCK rates.
This means we should let the driver raise the flag about the contents
of the SIGNAL field so rt2x00lib can always do the right thing based
on what the driver reports.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Due to a terrible typo the RX DMA base address
was initialized to the beacon base address.
Obviously bad things happen with bugs like that....
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Whatever mode we are in, according to the legacy drivers
we should always enable TSF ticking/counting.
We should also always enable the TBCN/TBTT field,
this field is only disabled during beacon regeneration.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Rename config_preamble() to config_erp() and cleanup argument
list by putting it all into a single structure.
This will make the function more meaningful and easier to
expand later. This second option is mostly intended to make
the patch "mac80211: proper short-slot handling" from Johannes Berg
easier to apply for rt2x00.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
rt2x00lib should filter SW diversity out before sending any configuration
changes to the driver. When rt2x00lib fails to do this, it is important
that such events are reported because it _must_ be fixed.
So upgrading the error level to a BUG_ON() which will make sure
this bug gets noticed whenever it happens.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
We should not write 0 to the beacon sync register during
config_intf() since that will clear out the beacon interval
and forces the beacon to be send out at the lowest interval.
(reported by Mattias Nissler).
The side effect of the same bug was that while working with
multiple virtual AP interfaces a change for any of those
interfaces would disable beaconing untill an beacon update
was provided.
This is resolved by only updating the TSF_SYNC value during
config_intf(). In update_beacon() we disable beaconing
temporarily to prevent fake beacons to be transmitted.
Finally kick_tx_queue() will enable beaconing again.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Don't wildly pass any number for num_rates to rt2x00lib,
instead pass which type of rates are supported (CCK, OFDM).
Same for num_modes but then for the 2GHZ and 5GHZ band.
This makes the interface look much nicer and makes
extending it later easier.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Specifications indicate the TSF registers are read-only,
so there is no point in writing 0 to those registers.
As far as I know there isn't another way to reset the
TSF registers. So removing these callbacks will notify
mac80211 about the lack of support.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
As Adam Baker reported the DMA address for the
descriptor base was incorrectly initialized in
the PCI drivers.
Instead of the DMA base for the descriptor, the
DMA base for the data was passed resulting in a
broken TX/RX state for PCI drivers.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
This adds a new flag for the skb_frame_desc structure which is used to tag
rts/cts frames that are generated by the driver. Through the tag we can
recognize frames we have generated ourselves, so we don't report their tx
status to mac80211.
This patch is based on the original patch by
Mattias Nissler <mattias.nissler@gmx.de>.
Signed-off-by: Ivo van Doorn <IvDoorn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: John W. Linville <linville@tuxdriver.com>
Ivo van Doorn