This patch adds __GFP_NORETRY and __GFP_NOMEMALLOC flags to the kmemleak
metadata allocations so that it has a smaller effect on the users of the
kernel slab allocator. Since kmemleak allocations can now fail more
often, this patch also reduces the verbosity by passing __GFP_NOWARN and
not dumping the stack trace when a kmemleak allocation fails.
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reported-by: Toralf Förster <toralf.foerster@gmx.de>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ted Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
We don't need to memset if we just use kzalloc() rather than kmalloc() in
kmemleak_test_init().
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
A fix up mem_cgroup_move_parent() which use compound_order() in
asynchronous manner. This compound_order() may return unknown value
because we don't take lock. Use PageTransHuge() and HPAGE_SIZE instead
of it.
Also clean up for mem_cgroup_move_parent().
- remove unnecessary initialization of local variable.
- rename charge_size -> page_size
- remove unnecessary (wrong) comment.
- added a comment about THP.
Note:
Current design take compound_page_lock() in caller of move_account().
This should be revisited when we implement direct move_task of hugepage
without splitting.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_disabled() should be checked at splitting. If disabled, no
heavy work is necesary.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Callers of migrate_pages should putback_lru_pages to return pages
isolated to LRU or free list. Now comment is rather confusing. It says
caller always have to call it.
It is more clear to point out that the caller has to call it if
migrate_pages's return value isn't zero.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 5d6892407 ("thp: select CONFIG_COMPACTION if TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
enabled") causes this warning during the configuration process:
warning: (TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) selects COMPACTION which has unmet
direct dependencies (EXPERIMENTAL && HUGETLB_PAGE && MMU)
COMPACTION doesn't depend on HUGETLB_PAGE, it doesn't depend on THP
either, it is also useful for regular alloc_pages(order > 0) including
the very kernel stack during fork (THREAD_ORDER = 1). It's always
better to enable COMPACTION.
The warning should be an error because we would end up with MIGRATION
not selected, and COMPACTION wouldn't work without migration (despite it
seems to build with an inline migrate_pages returning -ENOSYS).
I'd also like to remove EXPERIMENTAL: compaction has been in the kernel
for some releases (for full safety the default remains disabled which I
think is enough).
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Luca Tettamanti <kronos.it@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Luca Tettamanti <kronos.it@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In mm/memcontrol.c::mem_cgroup_move_parent() there's a path that jumps
to the 'put_back' label
ret = __mem_cgroup_try_charge(NULL, gfp_mask, &parent, false, charge);
if (ret || !parent)
goto put_back;
where we'll
if (charge > PAGE_SIZE)
compound_unlock_irqrestore(page, flags);
but, we have not assigned anything to 'flags' at this point, nor have we
called 'compound_lock_irqsave()' (which is what sets 'flags'). The
'put_back' label should be moved below the call to
compound_unlock_irqrestore() as per this patch.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 0e093d9976 ("writeback: do not sleep on the congestion queue if
there are no congested BDIs or if significant congestion is not being
encountered in the current zone") uncovered a livelock in the page
allocator that resulted in tasks infinitely looping trying to find
memory and kswapd running at 100% cpu.
The issue occurs because drain_all_pages() is called immediately
following direct reclaim when no memory is freed and try_to_free_pages()
returns non-zero because all zones in the zonelist do not have their
all_unreclaimable flag set.
When draining the per-cpu pagesets back to the buddy allocator for each
zone, the zone->pages_scanned counter is cleared to avoid erroneously
setting zone->all_unreclaimable later. The problem is that no pages may
actually be drained and, thus, the unreclaimable logic never fails
direct reclaim so the oom killer may be invoked.
This apparently only manifested after wait_iff_congested() was
introduced and the zone was full of anonymous memory that would not
congest the backing store. The page allocator would infinitely loop if
there were no other tasks waiting to be scheduled and clear
zone->pages_scanned because of drain_all_pages() as the result of this
change before kswapd could scan enough pages to trigger the reclaim
logic. Additionally, with every loop of the page allocator and in the
reclaim path, kswapd would be kicked and would end up running at 100%
cpu. In this scenario, current and kswapd are all running continuously
with kswapd incrementing zone->pages_scanned and current clearing it.
The problem is even more pronounced when current swaps some of its
memory to swap cache and the reclaimable logic then considers all active
anonymous memory in the all_unreclaimable logic, which requires a much
higher zone->pages_scanned value for try_to_free_pages() to return zero
that is never attainable in this scenario.
Before wait_iff_congested(), the page allocator would incur an
unconditional timeout and allow kswapd to elevate zone->pages_scanned to
a level that the oom killer would be called the next time it loops.
The fix is to only attempt to drain pcp pages if there is actually a
quantity to be drained. The unconditional clearing of
zone->pages_scanned in free_pcppages_bulk() need not be changed since
other callers already ensure that draining will occur. This patch
ensures that free_pcppages_bulk() will actually free memory before
calling into it from drain_all_pages() so zone->pages_scanned is only
cleared if appropriate.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before 0e093d9976 ("writeback: do not sleep on the congestion queue if
there are no congested BDIs or if significant congestion is not being
encountered in the current zone"), preferred_zone was only used for NUMA
statistics, to determine the zoneidx from which to allocate from given
the type requested, and whether to utilize memory compaction.
wait_iff_congested(), though, uses preferred_zone to determine if the
congestion wait should be deferred because its dirty pages are backed by
a congested bdi. This incorrectly defers the timeout and busy loops in
the page allocator with various cond_resched() calls if preferred_zone
is not allowed in the current context, usually consuming 100% of a cpu.
This patch ensures preferred_zone is an allowed zone in the fastpath
depending on whether current is constrained by its cpuset or nodes in
its mempolicy (when the nodemask passed is non-NULL). This is correct
since the fastpath allocation always passes ALLOC_CPUSET when trying to
allocate memory. In the slowpath, this patch resets preferred_zone to
the first zone of the allowed type when the allocation is not
constrained by current's cpuset, i.e. it does not pass ALLOC_CPUSET.
This patch also ensures preferred_zone is from the set of allowed nodes
when called from within direct reclaim since allocations are always
constrained by cpusets in this context (it is blockable).
Both of these uses of cpuset_current_mems_allowed are protected by
get_mems_allowed().
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mips (and sparc32):
In file included from arch/mips/include/asm/tlb.h:21,
from mm/pgtable-generic.c:9:
include/asm-generic/tlb.h: In function `tlb_flush_mmu':
include/asm-generic/tlb.h:76: error: implicit declaration of function `release_pages'
include/asm-generic/tlb.h: In function `tlb_remove_page':
include/asm-generic/tlb.h:105: error: implicit declaration of function `page_cache_release'
free_pages_and_swap_cache() and free_page_and_swap_cache() are macros
which call release_pages() and page_cache_release(). The obvious fix is
to include pagemap.h in swap.h, where those macros are defined. But that
breaks sparc for weird reasons.
So fix it within mm/pgtable-generic.c instead.
Reported-by: Yoichi Yuasa <yuasa@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The placement of the read-side barrier is confused: the writer first
sets pc->mem_cgroup, then PCG_USED. The read-side barrier has to be
between testing PCG_USED and reading pc->mem_cgroup.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Contrary to what the comment says, truncate_setsize() should be called
*before* filesystem truncated blocks.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now, when THP is enabled, memcg's rmdir() function is broken because
move_account() for THP page is not supported.
This will cause account leak or -EBUSY issue at rmdir().
This patch fixes the issue by supporting move_account() THP pages.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
memory cgroup's LRU stat should take care of size of pages because
Transparent Hugepage inserts hugepage into LRU. If this value is the
number wrong, memory reclaim will not work well.
Note: only head page of THP's huge page is linked into LRU.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Now, under THP:
at charge:
- PageCgroupUsed bit is set to all page_cgroup on a hugepage.
....set to 512 pages.
at uncharge
- PageCgroupUsed bit is unset on the head page.
So, some pages will remain with "Used" bit.
This patch fixes that Used bit is set only to the head page.
Used bits for tail pages will be set at splitting if necessary.
This patch adds this lock order:
compound_lock() -> page_cgroup_move_lock().
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix warning]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_charge_statisics() was designed for charging a page but now, we
have transparent hugepage. To fix problems (in following patch) it's
required to change the function to get the number of pages as its
arguments.
The new function gets following as argument.
- type of page rather than 'pc'
- size of page which is accounted.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Up until 3e7d344 ("mm: vmscan: reclaim order-0 and use compaction instead
of lumpy reclaim"), compaction skipped calculating the fragmentation index
of a zone when compaction was explicitely requested through the procfs
knob.
However, when compaction_suitable was introduced, it did not come with an
extra check for order == -1, set on explicit compaction requests, and
passed this order on to the fragmentation index calculation, where it
overshifts the number of requested pages, leading to a division by zero.
This patch makes sure that order == -1 is recognized as the flag it is
rather than passing it along as valid order parameter.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: add comment, per Mel]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
memblock_is_region_memory() uses reserved memblocks to search for the
given region, while it should use the memory memblocks.
I encountered the problem with OMAP's framebuffer ram allocation.
Normally the ram is allocated dynamically, and this function is not
called. However, if we want to pass the framebuffer from the bootloader
to the kernel (to retain the boot image), this function is used to check
the validity of the kernel parameters for the framebuffer ram area.
Signed-off-by: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen@nokia.com>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Two users reported THP-related crashes on 32-bit x86 machines. Their oops
reports indicated an invalid pte, and subsequent code inspection showed
that the highpte is actually used after unmap.
The fix is to unmap the pte only after all operations against it are
finished.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Reported-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Reported-by: werner <w.landgraf@ru.ru>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit d8505dee1a.
Chris Mason ended up chasing down some page allocation errors and pages
stuck waiting on the IO scheduler, and was able to narrow it down to two
commits: commit 744ed14427 ("mm: batch activate_page() to reduce lock
contention") and d8505dee1a ("mm: simplify code of swap.c").
This reverts the second one.
Reported-and-debugged-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: linux-mm <linux-mm@kvack.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit 744ed14427.
Chris Mason ended up chasing down some page allocation errors and pages
stuck waiting on the IO scheduler, and was able to narrow it down to two
commits: commit 744ed14427 ("mm: batch activate_page() to reduce lock
contention") and d8505dee1a ("mm: simplify code of swap.c").
This reverts the first of them.
Reported-and-debugged-by: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: linux-mm <linux-mm@kvack.org>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
pmdp_get_and_clear/pmdp_clear_flush/pmdp_splitting_flush were trapped as
BUG() and they were defined only to diminish the risk of build issues on
not-x86 archs and to be consistent with the generic pte methods previously
defined in include/asm-generic/pgtable.h.
But they are causing more trouble than they were supposed to solve, so
it's simpler not to define them when THP is off.
This is also correcting the export of pmdp_splitting_flush which is
currently unused (x86 isn't using the generic implementation in
mm/pgtable-generic.c and no other arch needs that [yet]).
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Local symbols should be static.
Signed-off-by: H Hartley Sweeten <hsweeten@visionengravers.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
In the current implementation mem_cgroup_end_migration() decides whether
the page migration has succeeded or not by checking "oldpage->mapping".
But if we are tring to migrate a shmem swapcache, the page->mapping of it
is NULL from the begining, so the check would be invalid. As a result,
mem_cgroup_end_migration() assumes the migration has succeeded even if
it's not, so "newpage" would be freed while it's not uncharged.
This patch fixes it by passing mem_cgroup_end_migration() the result of
the page migration.
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In mem_cgroup_alloc() we currently do either kmalloc() or vmalloc() then
followed by memset() to zero the memory. This can be more efficiently
achieved by using kzalloc() and vzalloc(). There's also one situation
where we can use kzalloc_node() - this is what's new in this version of
the patch.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit b1dd693e ("memcg: avoid deadlock between move charge and
try_charge()") can cause another deadlock about mmap_sem on task migration
if cpuset and memcg are mounted onto the same mount point.
After the commit, cgroup_attach_task() has sequence like:
cgroup_attach_task()
ss->can_attach()
cpuset_can_attach()
mem_cgroup_can_attach()
down_read(&mmap_sem) (1)
ss->attach()
cpuset_attach()
mpol_rebind_mm()
down_write(&mmap_sem) (2)
up_write(&mmap_sem)
cpuset_migrate_mm()
do_migrate_pages()
down_read(&mmap_sem)
up_read(&mmap_sem)
mem_cgroup_move_task()
mem_cgroup_clear_mc()
up_read(&mmap_sem)
We can cause deadlock at (2) because we've already aquire the mmap_sem at (1).
But the commit itself is necessary to fix deadlocks which have existed
before the commit like:
Ex.1)
move charge | try charge
--------------------------------------+------------------------------
mem_cgroup_can_attach() | down_write(&mmap_sem)
mc.moving_task = current | ..
mem_cgroup_precharge_mc() | __mem_cgroup_try_charge()
mem_cgroup_count_precharge() | prepare_to_wait()
down_read(&mmap_sem) | if (mc.moving_task)
-> cannot aquire the lock | -> true
| schedule()
| -> move charge should wake it up
Ex.2)
move charge | try charge
--------------------------------------+------------------------------
mem_cgroup_can_attach() |
mc.moving_task = current |
mem_cgroup_precharge_mc() |
mem_cgroup_count_precharge() |
down_read(&mmap_sem) |
.. |
up_read(&mmap_sem) |
| down_write(&mmap_sem)
mem_cgroup_move_task() | ..
mem_cgroup_move_charge() | __mem_cgroup_try_charge()
down_read(&mmap_sem) | prepare_to_wait()
-> cannot aquire the lock | if (mc.moving_task)
| -> true
| schedule()
| -> move charge should wake it up
This patch fixes all of these problems by:
1. revert the commit.
2. To fix the Ex.1, we set mc.moving_task after mem_cgroup_count_precharge()
has released the mmap_sem.
3. To fix the Ex.2, we use down_read_trylock() instead of down_read() in
mem_cgroup_move_charge() and, if it has failed to aquire the lock, cancel
all extra charges, wake up all waiters, and retry trylock.
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Reported-by: Ben Blum <bblum@andrew.cmu.edu>
Cc: Miao Xie <miaox@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Hiroyuki Kamezawa <kamezawa.hiroyuki@gmail.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Adding the number of swap pages to the byte limit of a memory control
group makes no sense. Convert the pages to bytes before adding them.
The only user of this code is the OOM killer, and the way it is used means
that the error results in a higher OOM badness value. Since the cgroup
limit is the same for all tasks in the cgroup, the error should have no
practical impact at the moment.
But let's not wait for future or changing users to trip over it.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce a new bit spin lock, PCG_MOVE_LOCK, to synchronize the page
accounting and migration code. This reworks the locking scheme of
_update_stat() and _move_account() by adding new lock bit PCG_MOVE_LOCK,
which is always taken under IRQ disable.
1. If pages are being migrated from a memcg, then updates to that
memcg page statistics are protected by grabbing PCG_MOVE_LOCK using
move_lock_page_cgroup(). In an upcoming commit, memcg dirty page
accounting will be updating memcg page accounting (specifically: num
writeback pages) from IRQ context (softirq). Avoid a deadlocking
nested spin lock attempt by disabling irq on the local processor when
grabbing the PCG_MOVE_LOCK.
2. lock for update_page_stat is used only for avoiding race with
move_account(). So, IRQ awareness of lock_page_cgroup() itself is not
a problem. The problem is between mem_cgroup_update_page_stat() and
mem_cgroup_move_account_page().
Trade-off:
* Changing lock_page_cgroup() to always disable IRQ (or
local_bh) has some impacts on performance and I think
it's bad to disable IRQ when it's not necessary.
* adding a new lock makes move_account() slower. Score is
here.
Performance Impact: moving a 8G anon process.
Before:
real 0m0.792s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.780s
After:
real 0m0.854s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.842s
This score is bad but planned patches for optimization can reduce
this impact.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Andrea Righi <arighi@develer.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace usage of the mem_cgroup_update_file_mapped() memcg
statistic update routine with two new routines:
* mem_cgroup_inc_page_stat()
* mem_cgroup_dec_page_stat()
As before, only the file_mapped statistic is managed. However, these more
general interfaces allow for new statistics to be more easily added. New
statistics are added with memcg dirty page accounting.
Signed-off-by: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Righi <arighi@develer.com>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The zone->lru_lock is heavily contented in workload where activate_page()
is frequently used. We could do batch activate_page() to reduce the lock
contention. The batched pages will be added into zone list when the pool
is full or page reclaim is trying to drain them.
For example, in a 4 socket 64 CPU system, create a sparse file and 64
processes, processes shared map to the file. Each process read access the
whole file and then exit. The process exit will do unmap_vmas() and cause
a lot of activate_page() call. In such workload, we saw about 58% total
time reduction with below patch. Other workloads with a lot of
activate_page also benefits a lot too.
I tested some microbenchmarks:
case-anon-cow-rand-mt 0.58%
case-anon-cow-rand -3.30%
case-anon-cow-seq-mt -0.51%
case-anon-cow-seq -5.68%
case-anon-r-rand-mt 0.23%
case-anon-r-rand 0.81%
case-anon-r-seq-mt -0.71%
case-anon-r-seq -1.99%
case-anon-rx-rand-mt 2.11%
case-anon-rx-seq-mt 3.46%
case-anon-w-rand-mt -0.03%
case-anon-w-rand -0.50%
case-anon-w-seq-mt -1.08%
case-anon-w-seq -0.12%
case-anon-wx-rand-mt -5.02%
case-anon-wx-seq-mt -1.43%
case-fork 1.65%
case-fork-sleep -0.07%
case-fork-withmem 1.39%
case-hugetlb -0.59%
case-lru-file-mmap-read-mt -0.54%
case-lru-file-mmap-read 0.61%
case-lru-file-mmap-read-rand -2.24%
case-lru-file-readonce -0.64%
case-lru-file-readtwice -11.69%
case-lru-memcg -1.35%
case-mmap-pread-rand-mt 1.88%
case-mmap-pread-rand -15.26%
case-mmap-pread-seq-mt 0.89%
case-mmap-pread-seq -69.72%
case-mmap-xread-rand-mt 0.71%
case-mmap-xread-seq-mt 0.38%
The most significent are:
case-lru-file-readtwice -11.69%
case-mmap-pread-rand -15.26%
case-mmap-pread-seq -69.72%
which use activate_page a lot. others are basically variations because
each run has slightly difference.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Clean up code and remove duplicate code. Next patch will use
pagevec_lru_move_fn introduced here too.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2.6.37 added an unmap_and_move_huge_page() for memory failure recovery,
but its anon_vma handling was still based around the 2.6.35 conventions.
Update it to use page_lock_anon_vma, get_anon_vma, page_unlock_anon_vma,
drop_anon_vma in the same way as we're now changing unmap_and_move().
I don't particularly like to propose this for stable when I've not seen
its problems in practice nor tested the solution: but it's clearly out of
synch at present.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Jun'ichi Nomura" <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.37, 2.6.36]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Increased usage of page migration in mmotm reveals that the anon_vma
locking in unmap_and_move() has been deficient since 2.6.36 (or even
earlier). Review at the time of f18194275c
("mm: fix hang on anon_vma->root->lock") missed the issue here: the
anon_vma to which we get a reference may already have been freed back to
its slab (it is in use when we check page_mapped, but that can change),
and so its anon_vma->root may be switched at any moment by reuse in
anon_vma_prepare.
Perhaps we could fix that with a get_anon_vma_unless_zero(), but let's
not: just rely on page_lock_anon_vma() to do all the hard thinking for us,
then we don't need any rcu read locking over here.
In removing the rcu_unlock label: since PageAnon is a bit in
page->mapping, it's impossible for a !page->mapping page to be anon; but
insert VM_BUG_ON in case the implementation ever changes.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Jun'ichi Nomura" <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.37, 2.6.36]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It was hard to explain the page counts which were causing new LTP tests
of KSM to fail: we need to drain the per-cpu pagevecs to LRU occasionally.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reported-by: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Cc:Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When parsing changes to the huge page pool sizes made from userspace via
the sysfs interface, bogus input values are being covered up by
nr_hugepages_store_common and nr_overcommit_hugepages_store returning 0
when strict_strtoul returns an error. This can cause an infinite loop in
the nr_hugepages_store code. This patch changes the return value for
these functions to -EINVAL when strict_strtoul returns an error.
Signed-off-by: Eric B Munson <emunson@mgebm.net>
Reported-by: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric B Munson <emunson@mgebm.net>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Huge pages with order >= MAX_ORDER must be allocated at boot via the
kernel command line, they cannot be allocated or freed once the kernel is
up and running. Currently we allow values to be written to the sysfs and
sysctl files controling pool size for these huge page sizes. This patch
makes the store functions for nr_hugepages and nr_overcommit_hugepages
return -EINVAL when the pool for a page size >= MAX_ORDER is changed.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid multiple return paths in nr_hugepages_store_common()]
[caiqian@redhat.com: add checking in hugetlb_overcommit_handler()]
Signed-off-by: Eric B Munson <emunson@mgebm.net>
Reported-by: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
proc_doulongvec_minmax may fail if the given buffer doesn't represent a
valid number. If we provide something invalid we will initialize the
resulting value (nr_overcommit_huge_pages in this case) to a random value
from the stack.
The issue was introduced by a3d0c6aa when the default handler has been
replaced by the helper function where we do not check the return value.
Reproducer:
echo "" > /proc/sys/vm/nr_overcommit_hugepages
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: correctly propagate proc_doulongvec_minmax return code]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: CAI Qian <caiqian@redhat.com>
Cc: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As it stands this code will degenerate into a busy-wait if the calling task
has signal_pending().
Cc: Rolf Eike Beer <eike-kernel@sf-tec.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
dma_pool_free() scans for the page to free in the pool list holding the
pool lock. Then it releases the lock basically to acquire it immediately
again. Modify the code to only take the lock once.
This will do some additional loops and computations with the lock held in
if memory debugging is activated. If it is not activated the only new
operations with this lock is one if and one substraction.
Signed-off-by: Rolf Eike Beer <eike-kernel@sf-tec.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The previous approach of calucation of combined index was
page_idx & ~(1 << order))
but we have same result with
page_idx & buddy_idx
This reduces instructions slightly as well as enhances readability.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix used-unintialised warning]
Signed-off-by: KyongHo Cho <pullip.cho@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Even if CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK is set in the kernel configuration, it can still
be overriden by randomize_va_space sysctl.
If this is the case, the min_brk computation in sys_brk() implementation
is wrong, as it solely takes into account COMPAT_BRK setting, assuming
that brk start is not randomized. But that might not be the case if
randomize_va_space sysctl has been set to '2' at the time the binary has
been loaded from disk.
In such case, the check has to be done in a same way as in
!CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK case.
In addition to that, the check for the COMPAT_BRK case introduced back in
a5b4592c ("brk: make sys_brk() honor COMPAT_BRK when computing lower
bound") is slightly wrong -- the lower bound shouldn't be mm->end_code,
but mm->end_data instead, as that's where the legacy applications expect
brk section to start (i.e. immediately after last global variable).
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment]
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The NODEMASK_ALLOC macro may dynamically allocate memory for its second
argument ('nodes_allowed' in this context).
In nr_hugepages_store_common() we may abort early if strict_strtoul()
fails, but in that case we do not free the memory already allocated to
'nodes_allowed', causing a memory leak.
This patch closes the leak by freeing the memory in the error path.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use NODEMASK_FREE, per Minchan Kim]
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
migrate_pages() -> unmap_and_move() only calls rcu_read_lock() for
anonymous pages, as introduced by git commit
989f89c57e ("fix rcu_read_lock() in page
migraton"). The point of the RCU protection there is part of getting a
stable reference to anon_vma and is only held for anon pages as file pages
are locked which is sufficient protection against freeing.
However, while a file page's mapping is being migrated, the radix tree is
double checked to ensure it is the expected page. This uses
radix_tree_deref_slot() -> rcu_dereference() without the RCU lock held
triggering the following warning.
[ 173.674290] ===================================================
[ 173.676016] [ INFO: suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage. ]
[ 173.676016] ---------------------------------------------------
[ 173.676016] include/linux/radix-tree.h:145 invoked rcu_dereference_check() without protection!
[ 173.676016]
[ 173.676016] other info that might help us debug this:
[ 173.676016]
[ 173.676016]
[ 173.676016] rcu_scheduler_active = 1, debug_locks = 0
[ 173.676016] 1 lock held by hugeadm/2899:
[ 173.676016] #0: (&(&inode->i_data.tree_lock)->rlock){..-.-.}, at: [<c10e3d2b>] migrate_page_move_mapping+0x40/0x1ab
[ 173.676016]
[ 173.676016] stack backtrace:
[ 173.676016] Pid: 2899, comm: hugeadm Not tainted 2.6.37-rc5-autobuild
[ 173.676016] Call Trace:
[ 173.676016] [<c128cc01>] ? printk+0x14/0x1b
[ 173.676016] [<c1063502>] lockdep_rcu_dereference+0x7d/0x86
[ 173.676016] [<c10e3db5>] migrate_page_move_mapping+0xca/0x1ab
[ 173.676016] [<c10e41ad>] migrate_page+0x23/0x39
[ 173.676016] [<c10e491b>] buffer_migrate_page+0x22/0x107
[ 173.676016] [<c10e48f9>] ? buffer_migrate_page+0x0/0x107
[ 173.676016] [<c10e425d>] move_to_new_page+0x9a/0x1ae
[ 173.676016] [<c10e47e6>] migrate_pages+0x1e7/0x2fa
This patch introduces radix_tree_deref_slot_protected() which calls
rcu_dereference_protected(). Users of it must pass in the
mapping->tree_lock that is protecting this dereference. Holding the tree
lock protects against parallel updaters of the radix tree meaning that
rcu_dereference_protected is allowable.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded casts]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.37.early]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cleanup some code with common compound_trans_head helper.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This makes KSM full operational with THP pages. Subpages are scanned
while the hugepage is still in place and delivering max cpu performance,
and only if there's a match and we're going to deduplicate memory, the
single hugepages with the subpage match is split.
There will be no false sharing between ksmd and khugepaged. khugepaged
won't collapse 2m virtual regions with KSM pages inside. ksmd also should
only split pages when the checksum matches and we're likely to split an
hugepage for some long living ksm page (usual ksm heuristic to avoid
sharing pages that get de-cowed).
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
MADV_HUGEPAGE and MADV_NOHUGEPAGE were fully effective only if run after
mmap and before touching the memory. While this is enough for most
usages, it's little effort to make madvise more dynamic at runtime on an
existing mapping by making khugepaged aware about madvise.
MADV_HUGEPAGE: register in khugepaged immediately without waiting a page
fault (that may not ever happen if all pages are already mapped and the
"enabled" knob was set to madvise during the initial page faults).
MADV_NOHUGEPAGE: skip vmas marked VM_NOHUGEPAGE in khugepaged to stop
collapsing pages where not needed.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak comment]
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Catalin Marinas