Instead of using the variable mmu_huge_psize to keep track of the huge
page size we use an array of MMU_PAGE_* values. For each supported huge
page size we need to know the hugepte_shift value and have a
pgtable_cache. The hstate or an mmu_huge_psizes index is passed to
functions so that they know which huge page size they should use.
The hugepage sizes 16M and 64K are setup(if available on the hardware) so
that they don't have to be set on the boot cmd line in order to use them.
The number of 16G pages have to be specified at boot-time though (e.g.
hugepagesz=16G hugepages=5).
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The huge page size is defined for 16G pages. If a hugepagesz of 16G is
specified at boot-time then it becomes the huge page size instead of the
default 16M.
The change in pgtable-64K.h is to the macro pte_iterate_hashed_subpages to
make the increment to va (the 1 being shifted) be a long so that it is not
shifted to 0. Otherwise it would create an infinite loop when the shift
value is for a 16G page (when base page size is 64K).
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The 16G huge pages have to be reserved in the HMC prior to boot. The
location of the pages are placed in the device tree. This patch adds code
to scan the device tree during very early boot and save these page
locations until hugetlbfs is ready for them.
Acked-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The 16G page locations have been saved during early boot in an array. The
alloc_bootmem_huge_page() function adds a page from here to the
huge_boot_pages list.
Acked-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Straight forward extensions for huge pages located in the PUD instead of
PMDs.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The goal of this patchset is to support multiple hugetlb page sizes. This
is achieved by introducing a new struct hstate structure, which
encapsulates the important hugetlb state and constants (eg. huge page
size, number of huge pages currently allocated, etc).
The hstate structure is then passed around the code which requires these
fields, they will do the right thing regardless of the exact hstate they
are operating on.
This patch adds the hstate structure, with a single global instance of it
(default_hstate), and does the basic work of converting hugetlb to use the
hstate.
Future patches will add more hstate structures to allow for different
hugetlbfs mounts to have different page sizes.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Acked-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Nishanth Aravamudan <nacc@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The double indirection here is not needed anywhere and hence (at least)
confusing.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This frees a PTE bit when using 64K pages on ppc64. This is done
by getting rid of the separate _PAGE_HASHPTE bit. Instead, we just test
if any of the 16 sub-page bits is set. For non-combo pages (ie. real
64K pages), we set SUB0 and the location encoding in that field.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This adds the hugepagesz boot-time parameter for ppc64. It lets one
pick the size for huge pages. The choices available are 64K and 16M
when the base page size is 4k. It defaults to 16M (previously the
only only choice) if nothing or an invalid choice is specified.
Tested 64K huge pages successfully with the libhugetlbfs 1.2.
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Slab constructors currently have a flags parameter that is never used. And
the order of the arguments is opposite to other slab functions. The object
pointer is placed before the kmem_cache pointer.
Convert
ctor(void *object, struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long flags)
to
ctor(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
throughout the kernel
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coupla fixes]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This makes the kernel use 1TB segments for all kernel mappings and for
user addresses of 1TB and above, on machines which support them
(currently POWER5+, POWER6 and PA6T).
We detect that the machine supports 1TB segments by looking at the
ibm,processor-segment-sizes property in the device tree.
We don't currently use 1TB segments for user addresses < 1T, since
that would effectively prevent 32-bit processes from using huge pages
unless we also had a way to revert to using 256MB segments. That
would be possible but would involve extra complications (such as
keeping track of which segment size was used when HPTEs were inserted)
and is not addressed here.
Parts of this patch were originally written by Ben Herrenschmidt.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This removes several duplicate includes from arch/powerpc/.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jesper.juhl@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Slab destructors were no longer supported after Christoph's
c59def9f22 change. They've been
BUGs for both slab and slub, and slob never supported them
either.
This rips out support for the dtor pointer from kmem_cache_create()
completely and fixes up every single callsite in the kernel (there were
about 224, not including the slab allocator definitions themselves,
or the documentation references).
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
The basic issue is to be able to do what hugetlbfs does but with
different page sizes for some other special filesystems; more
specifically, my need is:
- Huge pages
- SPE local store mappings using 64K pages on a 4K base page size
kernel on Cell
- Some special 4K segments in 64K-page kernels for mapping a dodgy
type of powerpc-specific infiniband hardware that requires 4K MMU
mappings for various reasons I won't explain here.
The main issues are:
- To maintain/keep track of the page size per "segment" (as we can
only have one page size per segment on powerpc, which are 256MB
divisions of the address space).
- To make sure special mappings stay within their allotted
"segments" (including MAP_FIXED crap)
- To make sure everybody else doesn't mmap/brk/grow_stack into a
"segment" that is used for a special mapping
Some of the necessary mechanisms to handle that were present in the
hugetlbfs code, but mostly in ways not suitable for anything else.
The patch relies on some changes to the generic get_unmapped_area()
that just got merged. It still hijacks hugetlb callbacks here or
there as the generic code hasn't been entirely cleaned up yet but
that shouldn't be a problem.
So what is a slice ? Well, I re-used the mechanism used formerly by our
hugetlbfs implementation which divides the address space in
"meta-segments" which I called "slices". The division is done using
256MB slices below 4G, and 1T slices above. Thus the address space is
divided currently into 16 "low" slices and 16 "high" slices. (Special
case: high slice 0 is the area between 4G and 1T).
Doing so simplifies significantly the tracking of segments and avoids
having to keep track of all the 256MB segments in the address space.
While I used the "concepts" of hugetlbfs, I mostly re-implemented
everything in a more generic way and "ported" hugetlbfs to it.
Slices can have an associated page size, which is encoded in the mmu
context and used by the SLB miss handler to set the segment sizes. The
hash code currently doesn't care, it has a specific check for hugepages,
though I might add a mechanism to provide per-slice hash mapping
functions in the future.
The slice code provide a pair of "generic" get_unmapped_area() (bottomup
and topdown) functions that should work with any slice size. There is
some trickiness here so I would appreciate people to have a look at the
implementation of these and let me know if I got something wrong.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Remove includes of <linux/smp_lock.h> where it is not used/needed.
Suggested by Al Viro.
Builds cleanly on x86_64, i386, alpha, ia64, powerpc, sparc,
sparc64, and arm (all 59 defconfigs).
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The current get_unmapped_area code calls the f_ops->get_unmapped_area or the
arch one (via the mm) only when MAP_FIXED is not passed. That makes it
impossible for archs to impose proper constraints on regions of the virtual
address space. To work around that, get_unmapped_area() then calls some
hugetlbfs specific hacks.
This cause several problems, among others:
- It makes it impossible for a driver or filesystem to do the same thing
that hugetlbfs does (for example, to allow a driver to use larger page sizes
to map external hardware) if that requires applying a constraint on the
addresses (constraining that mapping in certain regions and other mappings
out of those regions).
- Some archs like arm, mips, sparc, sparc64, sh and sh64 already want
MAP_FIXED to be passed down in order to deal with aliasing issues. The code
is there to handle it... but is never called.
This series of patches moves the logic to handle MAP_FIXED down to the various
arch/driver get_unmapped_area() implementations, and then changes the generic
code to always call them. The hugetlbfs hacks then disappear from the generic
code.
Since I need to do some special 64K pages mappings for SPEs on cell, I need to
work around the first problem at least. I have further patches thus
implementing a "slices" layer that handles multiple page sizes through slices
of the address space for use by hugetlbfs, the SPE code, and possibly others,
but it requires that serie of patches first/
There is still a potential (but not practical) issue due to the fact that
filesystems/drivers implemeting g_u_a will effectively bypass all arch checks.
This is not an issue in practice as the only filesystems/drivers using that
hook are doing so for arch specific purposes in the first place.
There is also a problem with mremap that will completely bypass all arch
checks. I'll try to address that separately, I'm not 100% certain yet how,
possibly by making it not work when the vma has a file whose f_ops has a
get_unmapped_area callback, and by making it use is_hugepage_only_range()
before expanding into a new area.
Also, I want to turn is_hugepage_only_range() into a more generic
is_normal_page_range() as that's really what it will end up meaning when used
in stack grow, brk grow and mremap.
None of the above "issues" however are introduced by this patch, they are
already there, so I think the patch can go ini for 2.6.22.
This patch:
Handle MAP_FIXED in powerpc's arch_get_unmapped_area() in all 3
implementations of it.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: William Irwin <bill.irwin@oracle.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Kyle McMartin <kyle@mcmartin.ca>
Cc: Grant Grundler <grundler@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@debian.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It is not necessary to tell the slab allocators to align to a cacheline
if an explicit alignment was already specified. It is rather confusing
to specify multiple alignments.
Make sure that the call sites only use one form of alignment.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch was recently posted to lkml and acked by Pekka.
The flag SLAB_MUST_HWCACHE_ALIGN is
1. Never checked by SLAB at all.
2. A duplicate of SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN for SLUB
3. Fulfills the role of SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN for SLOB.
The only remaining use is in sparc64 and ppc64 and their use there
reflects some earlier role that the slab flag once may have had. If
its specified then SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN is also specified.
The flag is confusing, inconsistent and has no purpose.
Remove it.
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The current tlb flush code on powerpc 64 bits has a subtle race since we
lost the page table lock due to the possible faulting in of new PTEs
after a previous one has been removed but before the corresponding hash
entry has been evicted, which can leads to all sort of fatal problems.
This patch reworks the batch code completely. It doesn't use the mmu_gather
stuff anymore. Instead, we use the lazy mmu hooks that were added by the
paravirt code. They have the nice property that the enter/leave lazy mmu
mode pair is always fully contained by the PTE lock for a given range
of PTEs. Thus we can guarantee that all batches are flushed on a given
CPU before it drops that lock.
We also generalize batching for any PTE update that require a flush.
Batching is now enabled on a CPU by arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode() and
disabled by arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode(). The code epects that this is
always contained within a PTE lock section so no preemption can happen
and no PTE insertion in that range from another CPU. When batching
is enabled on a CPU, every PTE updates that need a hash flush will
use the batch for that flush.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
The SPU code doesn't properly invalidate SPUs SLBs when necessary,
for example when changing a segment size from the hugetlbfs code. In
addition, it saves and restores the SLB content on context switches
which makes it harder to properly handle those invalidations.
This patch removes the saving & restoring for now, something more
efficient might be found later on. It also adds a spu_flush_all_slbs(mm)
that can be used by the core mm code to flush the SLBs of all SPEs that
are running a given mm at the time of the flush.
In order to do that, it adds a spinlock to the list of all SPEs and move
some bits & pieces from spufs to spu_base.c
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch changes handling return value of ppc_md.hpte_insert() into
the same way as __hash_page_*().
Signed-off-by: Kou Ishizaki <kou.ishizaki@toshiba.co.jp>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
The powerpc specific version of hugetlb_get_unmapped_area() makes some
unwarranted assumptions about what checks have been made to its
parameters by its callers. This will lead to a BUG_ON() if a 32-bit
process attempts to make a hugepage mapping which extends above
TASK_SIZE (4GB).
I'm not sure if these assumptions came about because they were valid
with earlier versions of the get_unmapped_area() path, or if it was
always broken. Nonetheless this patch fixes the logic, and removes
the crash.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Replace all uses of kmem_cache_t with struct kmem_cache.
The patch was generated using the following script:
#!/bin/sh
#
# Replace one string by another in all the kernel sources.
#
set -e
for file in `find * -name "*.c" -o -name "*.h"|xargs grep -l $1`; do
quilt add $file
sed -e "1,\$s/$1/$2/g" $file >/tmp/$$
mv /tmp/$$ $file
quilt refresh
done
The script was run like this
sh replace kmem_cache_t "struct kmem_cache"
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Following up with the work on shared page table done by Dave McCracken. This
set of patch target shared page table for hugetlb memory only.
The shared page table is particular useful in the situation of large number of
independent processes sharing large shared memory segments. In the normal
page case, the amount of memory saved from process' page table is quite
significant. For hugetlb, the saving on page table memory is not the primary
objective (as hugetlb itself already cuts down page table overhead
significantly), instead, the purpose of using shared page table on hugetlb is
to allow faster TLB refill and smaller cache pollution upon TLB miss.
With PT sharing, pte entries are shared among hundreds of processes, the cache
consumption used by all the page table is smaller and in return, application
gets much higher cache hit ratio. One other effect is that cache hit ratio
with hardware page walker hitting on pte in cache will be higher and this
helps to reduce tlb miss latency. These two effects contribute to higher
application performance.
Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenneth.w.chen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Dave McCracken <dmccr@us.ibm.com>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
(David:)
If hugetlbfs_file_mmap() returns a failure to do_mmap_pgoff() - for example,
because the given file offset is not hugepage aligned - then do_mmap_pgoff
will go to the unmap_and_free_vma backout path.
But at this stage the vma hasn't been marked as hugepage, and the backout path
will call unmap_region() on it. That will eventually call down to the
non-hugepage version of unmap_page_range(). On ppc64, at least, that will
cause serious problems if there are any existing hugepage pagetable entries in
the vicinity - for example if there are any other hugepage mappings under the
same PUD. unmap_page_range() will trigger a bad_pud() on the hugepage pud
entries. I suspect this will also cause bad problems on ia64, though I don't
have a machine to test it on.
(Hugh:)
prepare_hugepage_range() should check file offset alignment when it checks
virtual address and length, to stop MAP_FIXED with a bad huge offset from
unmapping before it fails further down. PowerPC should apply the same
prepare_hugepage_range alignment checks as ia64 and all the others do.
Then none of the alignment checks in hugetlbfs_file_mmap are required (nor
is the check for too small a mapping); but even so, move up setting of
VM_HUGETLB and add a comment to warn of what David Gibson discovered - if
hugetlbfs_file_mmap fails before setting it, do_mmap_pgoff's unmap_region
when unwinding from error will go the non-huge way, which may cause bad
behaviour on architectures (powerpc and ia64) which segregate their huge
mappings into a separate region of the address space.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Checking source for other get_paca()->field preemption dangers found that
open_high_hpage_areas does a structure copy into its paca while preemption
is enabled: unsafe however gcc accomplishes it. Just remove that copy:
it's done safely afterwards by on_each_cpu, as in open_low_hpage_areas.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Acked-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
On Tue, 2006-08-15 at 08:22 -0700, Dave Hansen wrote:
> kernel BUG in cache_free_debugcheck at mm/slab.c:2748!
Alright, this one is only triggered when slab debugging is enabled. The
slabs are assumed to be aligned on a HUGEPTE_TABLE_SIZE boundary. The free
path makes use of this assumption and uses the lowest nibble to pass around
an index into an array of kmem_cache pointers. With slab debugging turned
on, the slab is still aligned, but the "working" object pointer is not.
This would break the assumption above that a full nibble is available for
the PGF_CACHENUM_MASK.
The following patch reduces PGF_CACHENUM_MASK to cover only the two least
significant bits, which is enough to cover the current number of 4 pgtable
cache types. Then use this constant to mask out the appropriate part of
the huge pte pointer.
Signed-off-by: Adam Litke <agl@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
At present, ARCH=powerpc kernels can waste considerable space in
pagetables when making large hugepage mappings. Hugepage PTEs go in
PMD pages, but each PMD page maps 256M and so contains only 16
hugepage PTEs (128 bytes of data), but takes up a 1024 byte
allocation. With CONFIG_PPC_64K_PAGES enabled (64k base page size),
the situation is worse. Now hugepage PTEs are at the PTE page level
(also mapping 256M), so we store 16 hugepage PTEs in a 64k allocation.
The PowerPC MMU already means that any 256M region is either all
hugepage, or all normal pages. Thus, with some care, we can use a
different allocation for the hugepage PTE tables and only allocate the
128 bytes necessary.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Quite a long time back, prepare_hugepage_range() replaced
is_aligned_hugepage_range() as the callback from mm/mmap.c to arch code to
verify if an address range is suitable for a hugepage mapping.
is_aligned_hugepage_range() stuck around, but only to implement
prepare_hugepage_range() on archs which didn't implement their own.
Most archs (everything except ia64 and powerpc) used the same
implementation of is_aligned_hugepage_range(). On powerpc, which
implements its own prepare_hugepage_range(), the custom version was never
used.
In addition, "is_aligned_hugepage_range()" was a bad name, because it
suggests it returns true iff the given range is a good hugepage range,
whereas in fact it returns 0-or-error (so the sense is reversed).
This patch cleans up by abolishing is_aligned_hugepage_range(). Instead
prepare_hugepage_range() is defined directly. Most archs use the default
version, which simply checks the given region is aligned to the size of a
hugepage. ia64 and powerpc define custom versions. The ia64 one simply
checks that the range is in the correct address space region in addition to
being suitably aligned. The powerpc version (just as previously) checks
for suitable addresses, and if necessary performs low-level MMU frobbing to
set up new areas for use by hugepages.
No libhugetlbfs testsuite regressions on ppc64 (POWER5 LPAR).
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Zhang Yanmin <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@holomorphy.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Building the arch/powerpc tree currently gives me
two warnings with gcc-4.0:
arch/powerpc/mm/imalloc.c: In function '__im_get_area':
arch/powerpc/mm/imalloc.c:225: warning: 'tmp' may be used uninitialized in this function
arch/powerpc/mm/hugetlbpage.c: In function 'hugetlb_get_unmapped_area':
arch/powerpc/mm/hugetlbpage.c:608: warning: unused variable 'vma'
both fixes are trivial.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Currently, the powerpc version of hugetlb_get_unmapped_area() entirely
ignores the hint address. The only way to get a hugepage mapping at a
specified address is with MAP_FIXED, in which case there's no way
(short of parsing /proc/self/maps) for userspace to tell if it will
clobber an existing mapping. This is inconvenient, so the patch below
makes hugepage mappings use the given hint address if possible.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
On ppc64, when opening a new hugepage region, we need to make sure any
old normal-page SLBs for the area are flushed on all CPUs. There was
a bug in this logic - after putting the new hugepage area masks into
the thread structure, we copied it into the paca (read by the SLB miss
handler) only on one CPU, not on all. This could cause incorrect SLB
entries to be loaded when a multithreaded program was running
simultaneously on several CPUs. This patch corrects the error,
copying the context information into the PACA on all CPUs using the mm
in question before flushing any existing SLB entries.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
On most powerpc CPUs, the dcache and icache are not coherent so
between writing and executing a page, the caches must be flushed.
Userspace programs assume pages given to them by the kernel are icache
clean, so we must do this flush between the kernel clearing a page and
it being mapped into userspace for execute. We were not doing this
for hugepages, this patch corrects the situation.
We use the same lazy mechanism as we use for normal pages, delaying
the flush until userspace actually attempts to execute from the page
in question.
Tested on G5.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
The 64k pages patch changed the meaning of one argument passed to the
low level hash functions (from "large" it became "psize" or page size
index), but one of the call sites wasn't properly updated, causing
potential random weird problems with huge pages. This fixes it.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Blah. The patch [0] I recently sent fixing errors with
in_hugepage_area() and prepare_hugepage_range() for powerpc itself has
an off-by-one bug. Furthermore, the related functions
touches_hugepage_*_range() and within_hugepage_*_range() are also
buggy. Some of the bugs, like those addressed in [0] originated with
commit 7d24f0b8a5 where we tweaked the
semantics of where hugepages are allowed. Other bugs have been there
essentially forever, and are due to the undefined behaviour of '<<'
with shift counts greater than the type width (LOW_ESID_MASK could
return non-zero for high ranges with the right congruences).
The good news is that I now have a testsuite which should pick up
things like this if they creep in again.
[0] "powerpc-fix-for-hugepage-areas-straddling-4gb-boundary"
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Commit 7d24f0b8a5 fixed bugs in the ppc64 SLB
miss handler with respect to hugepage handling, and in the process tweaked
the semantics of the hugepage address masks in mm_context_t.
Unfortunately, it left out a couple of necessary changes to go with that
change. First, the in_hugepage_area() macro was not updated to match,
second prepare_hugepage_range() was not updated to correctly handle
hugepages regions which straddled the 4GB point.
The latter appears only to cause process-hangs when attempting to map such
a region, but the former can cause oopses if a get_user_pages() is
triggered at the wrong point. This patch addresses both bugs.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Update comments (only) on page_table_lock and mmap_sem in arch/powerpc.
Removed the comment on page_table_lock from hash_huge_page: since it's no
longer taking page_table_lock itself, it's irrelevant whether others are; but
how it is safe (even against huge file truncation?) I can't say.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch, however, should be applied on top of the 64k-page-size patch to
fix some problems with hugepage (some pre-existing, another introduced by
this patch).
The patch fixes a bug in the SLB miss handler for hugepages on ppc64
introduced by the dynamic hugepage patch (commit id
c594adad56) due to a misunderstanding of the
srd instruction's behaviour (mea culpa). The problem arises when a 64-bit
process maps some hugepages in the low 4GB of the address space (unusual).
In this case, as well as the 256M segment in question being marked for
hugepages, other segments at 32G intervals will be incorrectly marked for
hugepages.
In the process, this patch tweaks the semantics of the hugepage bitmaps to
be more sensible. Previously, an address below 4G was marked for hugepages
if the appropriate segment bit in the "low areas" bitmask was set *or* if
the low bit in the "high areas" bitmap was set (which would mark all
addresses below 1TB for hugepage). With this patch, any given address is
governed by a single bitmap. Addresses below 4GB are marked for hugepage
if and only if their bit is set in the "low areas" bitmap (256M
granularity). Addresses between 4GB and 1TB are marked for hugepage iff
the low bit in the "high areas" bitmap is set. Higher addresses are marked
for hugepage iff their bit in the "high areas" bitmap is set (1TB
granularity).
To avoid conflicts, this patch must be applied on top of BenH's pending
patch for 64k base page size [0]. As such, this patch also addresses a
hugepage problem introduced by that patch. That patch allows hugepages of
1MB in size on hardware which supports it, however, that won't work when
using 4k pages (4 level pagetable), because in that case hugepage PTEs are
stored at the PMD level, and each PMD entry maps 2MB. This patch simply
disallows hugepages in that case (we can do something cleverer to re-enable
them some other day).
Built, booted, and a handful of hugepage related tests passed on POWER5
LPAR (both ARCH=powerpc and ARCH=ppc64).
[0] http://gate.crashing.org/~benh/ppc64-64k-pages.diff
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Adds a new CONFIG_PPC_64K_PAGES which, when enabled, changes the kernel
base page size to 64K. The resulting kernel still boots on any
hardware. On current machines with 4K pages support only, the kernel
will maintain 16 "subpages" for each 64K page transparently.
Note that while real 64K capable HW has been tested, the current patch
will not enable it yet as such hardware is not released yet, and I'm
still verifying with the firmware architects the proper to get the
information from the newer hypervisors.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This moves the remaining files in arch/ppc64/mm to arch/powerpc/mm,
and arranges that we use them when compiling with ARCH=ppc64.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Current kernel has a couple of sneaky bugs in the ppc64 hugetlb code that
cause huge pages to be potentially left stale in the hash table and TLBs
(improperly invalidated), with all the nasty consequences that can have.
One is that we forgot to set the "secondary" bit in the hash PTEs when
hashing a huge page in the secondary bucket (fortunately very rare).
The other one is on non-LPAR machines (like Apple G5s), flush_hash_range()
which is used to flush a batch of PTEs simply did not work for huge pages.
Historically, our huge page code didn't batch, but this was changed without
fixing this routine. This patch fixes both.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Currently, we set the class bit in kernel SLB entries, and clear it on
user SLB entries. On POWER5, ERAT entries created in real mode have
the class bit clear. So to avoid flushing kernel ERAT entries on each
context switch, this patch inverts our usage of the class bit, setting
it on user SLB entries and clearing it on kernel SLB entries.
Booted on POWER5 and G5.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Paulus, I think this is now a reasonable candidate for the post-2.6.13
queue.
Relax address restrictions for hugepages on ppc64
Presently, 64-bit applications on ppc64 may only use hugepages in the
address region from 1-1.5T. Furthermore, if hugepages are enabled in
the kernel config, they may only use hugepages and never normal pages
in this area. This patch relaxes this restriction, allowing any
address to be used with hugepages, but with a 1TB granularity. That
is if you map a hugepage anywhere in the region 1TB-2TB, that entire
area will be reserved exclusively for hugepages for the remainder of
the process's lifetime. This works analagously to hugepages in 32-bit
applications, where hugepages can be mapped anywhere, but with 256MB
(mmu segment) granularity.
This patch applies on top of the four level pagetable patch
(http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/linuxppc64/patch?id=1936).
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Implement 4-level pagetables for ppc64
This patch implements full four-level page tables for ppc64, thereby
extending the usable user address range to 44 bits (16T).
The patch uses a full page for the tables at the bottom and top level,
and a quarter page for the intermediate levels. It uses full 64-bit
pointers at every level, thus also increasing the addressable range of
physical memory. This patch also tweaks the VSID allocation to allow
matching range for user addresses (this halves the number of available
contexts) and adds some #if and BUILD_BUG sanity checks.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This patch removes the use of bitfield types from the ppc64 hash table
manipulation code.
Signed-off-by: David Gibson <dwg@au1.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Ingo recently introduced a great speedup for allocating new mmaps using the
free_area_cache pointer which boosts the specweb SSL benchmark by 4-5% and
causes huge performance increases in thread creation.
The downside of this patch is that it does lead to fragmentation in the
mmap-ed areas (visible via /proc/self/maps), such that some applications
that work fine under 2.4 kernels quickly run out of memory on any 2.6
kernel.
The problem is twofold:
1) the free_area_cache is used to continue a search for memory where
the last search ended. Before the change new areas were always
searched from the base address on.
So now new small areas are cluttering holes of all sizes
throughout the whole mmap-able region whereas before small holes
tended to close holes near the base leaving holes far from the base
large and available for larger requests.
2) the free_area_cache also is set to the location of the last
munmap-ed area so in scenarios where we allocate e.g. five regions of
1K each, then free regions 4 2 3 in this order the next request for 1K
will be placed in the position of the old region 3, whereas before we
appended it to the still active region 1, placing it at the location
of the old region 2. Before we had 1 free region of 2K, now we only
get two free regions of 1K -> fragmentation.
The patch addresses thes issues by introducing yet another cache descriptor
cached_hole_size that contains the largest known hole size below the
current free_area_cache. If a new request comes in the size is compared
against the cached_hole_size and if the request can be filled with a hole
below free_area_cache the search is started from the base instead.
The results look promising: Whereas 2.6.12-rc4 fragments quickly and my
(earlier posted) leakme.c test program terminates after 50000+ iterations
with 96 distinct and fragmented maps in /proc/self/maps it performs nicely
(as expected) with thread creation, Ingo's test_str02 with 20000 threads
requires 0.7s system time.
Taking out Ingo's patch (un-patch available per request) by basically
deleting all mentions of free_area_cache from the kernel and starting the
search for new memory always at the respective bases we observe: leakme
terminates successfully with 11 distinctive hardly fragmented areas in
/proc/self/maps but thread creating is gringdingly slow: 30+s(!) system
time for Ingo's test_str02 with 20000 threads.
Now - drumroll ;-) the appended patch works fine with leakme: it ends with
only 7 distinct areas in /proc/self/maps and also thread creation seems
sufficiently fast with 0.71s for 20000 threads.
Signed-off-by: Wolfgang Wander <wwc@rentec.com>
Credit-to: "Richard Purdie" <rpurdie@rpsys.net>
Signed-off-by: Ken Chen <kenneth.w.chen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> (partly)
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
A lot of the code in arch/*/mm/hugetlbpage.c is quite similar. This patch
attempts to consolidate a lot of the code across the arch's, putting the
combined version in mm/hugetlb.c. There are a couple of uglyish hacks in
order to covert all the hugepage archs, but the result is a very large
reduction in the total amount of code. It also means things like hugepage
lazy allocation could be implemented in one place, instead of six.
Tested, at least a little, on ppc64, i386 and x86_64.
Notes:
- this patch changes the meaning of set_huge_pte() to be more
analagous to set_pte()
- does SH4 need s special huge_ptep_get_and_clear()??
Acked-by: William Lee Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
This patch converts ppc64 to use the generic pgtable-nopud.h instead of the
"fixup" header.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Once we're strict about clearing away page tables, hugetlb_prefault can assume
there are no page tables left within its range. Since the other arches
continue if !pte_none here, let i386 do the same.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Jon Tollefson