Jürgen Mell reported an FPU state corruption bug under CONFIG_PREEMPT,
and bisected it to commit v2.6.19-1363-gacc2076, "i386: add sleazy FPU
optimization".
Add tsk_used_math() checks to prevent calling math_state_restore()
which can sleep in the case of !tsk_used_math(). This prevents
making a blocking call in __switch_to().
Apparently "fpu_counter > 5" check is not enough, as in some signal handling
and fork/exec scenarios, fpu_counter > 5 and !tsk_used_math() is possible.
It's a side effect though. This is the failing scenario:
process 'A' in save_i387_ia32() just after clear_used_math()
Got an interrupt and pre-empted out.
At the next context switch to process 'A' again, kernel tries to restore
the math state proactively and sees a fpu_counter > 0 and !tsk_used_math()
This results in init_fpu() during the __switch_to()'s math_state_restore()
And resulting in fpu corruption which will be saved/restored
(save_i387_fxsave and restore_i387_fxsave) during the remaining
part of the signal handling after the context switch.
Bisected-by: Jürgen Mell <j.mell@t-online.de>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Tested-by: Jürgen Mell <j.mell@t-online.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
iommu/gart support misses suspend/resume code, which can do bad stuff,
including memory corruption on resume. Prevent system suspend in case we
would be unable to resume.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Patrick <ragamuffin@datacomm.ch>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Fix the math emulation that got broken with the recent lazy allocation of FPU
area. init_fpu() need to be added for the math-emulation path aswell
for the FPU area allocation.
math emulation enabled kernel booted fine with this, in the presence
of "no387 nofxsr" boot param.
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: hpa@zytor.com
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
for http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10613
BIOS bug, APIC version is 0 for CPU#0! fixing up to 0x10. (tell your hw vendor)
v2: fix 64 bit compilation
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Gabriel C <nix.or.die@googlemail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
A check for unmapped apic was added before reading maxlvt but the early
read of maxlvt wasn't removed.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Ebbert <cebbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
When the TSC calibration fails then TSC is still used in
sched_clock(). Disable it completely in that case.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
tsc_enabled is set to 0 from the command line switch "notsc" and from
the mark_tsc_unstable code. Seperate those functionalities and replace
tsc_enable with tsc_disable. This makes also the native_sched_clock()
decision when to use TSC understandable.
Preparatory patch to solve the sched_clock() issue on 32 bit.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
When the TSC is calibrated against the PIT due to the nonavailability
of PMTIMER/HPET or due to SMI interference then the setup of the per
CPU cyc2ns variables is skipped. This is unlikely to happen but it
would definitely render sched_clock() unusable.
This was introduced with commit 53d517cdba
x86: scale cyc_2_nsec according to CPU frequency
Update the per CPU cyc2ns variables in all exit pathes of tsc_calibrate.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
The longrun cpufreq module reports a false minimum frequency 3MHz on
300-600MHz Crusoe processor. This may be due to a calculation bug
in the module.
Original patch from Kaz Sasayama <kazssym@hypercore.co.jp>
submitted as http://bugs.debian.org/468149 patch ported to x86
Cc: Kaz Sasayama <kazssym@hypercore.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: maximilian attems <max@stro.at>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
The most common error with powernow-k8 is an ACPI _PSS error
caused either by failure to load the ACPI processor module
or a bad parse of the _PSS object. Make the error message
returned to the user in these situations more straightforward
and easier to understand.
-Mark Langsdorf
Operating System Research Center
AMD
Signed-off-by: Mark Langsdorf <mark.langsdorf@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
The previous revert of 0c07ee38c9 left
out the mwait disable condition for AMD family 10H/11H CPUs.
Andreas Herrman said:
It depends on the CPU. For AMD CPUs that support MWAIT this is wrong.
Family 0x10 and 0x11 CPUs will enter C1 on HLT. Powersavings then
depend on a clock divisor and current Pstate of the core.
If all cores of a processor are in halt state (C1) the processor can
enter the C1E (C1 enhanced) state. If mwait is used this will never
happen.
Thus HLT saves more power than MWAIT here.
It might be best to switch off the mwait flag for these AMD CPU
families like it was introduced with commit
f039b75471 (x86: Don't use MWAIT on AMD
Family 10)
Re-add the AMD families 10H/11H check and disable the mwait usage for
those.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Vegard Nossum reports:
| powertop shows between 200-400 wakeups/second with the description
| "<kernel IPI>: Rescheduling interrupts" when all processors have load (e.g.
| I need to run two busy-loops on my 2-CPU system for this to show up).
|
| The bisect resulted in this commit:
|
| commit 0c07ee38c9
| Date: Wed Jan 30 13:33:16 2008 +0100
|
| x86: use the correct cpuid method to detect MWAIT support for C states
remove the functional effects of this patch and make mwait unconditional.
A future patch will turn off mwait on specific CPUs where that causes
power to be wasted.
Bisected-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The user_regset_view table for the 32-bit regsets on the 64-bit build had
the wrong sizes for the FP regsets. This bug had no user-visible effect
(just on kernel modules using the user_regset interfaces and the like).
But the fix is trivial and risk-free.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Fix this symbol export problem:
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 193 modules
ERROR: "csum_partial" [fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.ko] undefined!
make[1]: *** [__modpost] Error 1
make: *** [modules] Error 2
This is due to a known weakness of symbol exports: if a symbol's
only in-core user is an EXPORT_SYMBOL from a lib-y section, the
symbol is not linked in.
The solution is to move the export to x8664_ksyms_64.c - but the real
solution would be to fix kbuild.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
arch/x86/kernel/setup_64.c:954: warning: passing argument 2 of 'set_bit' from incompatible pointer type
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
After resume on a 2cpu laptop, kernel builds collapse with a sed hang,
sh or make segfault (often on 20295564), real-time signal to cc1 etc.
Several hurdles to jump, but a manually-assisted bisect led to -rc1's
d2bcbad5f3 x86: do not zap_low_mappings
in __smp_prepare_cpus. Though the low mappings were removed at bootup,
they were left behind (with Global flags helping to keep them in TLB)
after resume or cpu online, causing the crashes seen.
Reinstate zap_low_mappings (with local __flush_tlb_all) for each cpu_up
on x86_32. This used to be serialized by smp_commenced_mask: that's now
gone, but a low_mappings flag will do. No need for native_smp_cpus_done
to repeat the zap: let mem_init zap BSP's low mappings just like on UP.
(In passing, fix error code from native_cpu_up: do_boot_cpu returns a
variety of diagnostic values, Dprintk what it says but convert to -EIO.
And save_pg_dir separately before zap_low_mappings: doesn't matter now,
but zapping twice in succession wiped out resume's swsusp_pg_dir.)
That worked well on the duo and one quad, but wouldn't boot 3rd or 4th
cpu on P4 Xeon, oopsing just after unlock_ipi_call_lock. The TLB flush
IPI now being sent reveals a long-standing bug: the booting cpu has its
APIC readied in smp_callin at the top of start_secondary, but isn't put
into the cpu_online_map until just before that unlock_ipi_call_lock.
So native_smp_call_function_mask to online cpus would send_IPI_allbutself,
including the cpu just coming up, though it has been excluded from the
count to wait for: by the time it handles the IPI, the call data on
native_smp_call_function_mask's stack may well have been overwritten.
So fall back to send_IPI_mask while cpu_online_map does not match
cpu_callout_map: perhaps there's a better APICological fix to be
made at the start_secondary end, but I wouldn't know that.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Rene Herman reported:
> commit 8779f2fc3b
>
> "x86: don't try to allocate from DMA zone at first"
>
> breaks all of ISA DMA. Or all of ALSA ISA DMA at least. All
> ISA soundcards are silent following that commit -- no error
> messages, everything appears fine, just silence.
That patch is buggy. We had an implicit assumption that
dev = NULL for ISA devices that require 24bit DMA.
The recent work on x86 dma_alloc_coherent() breaks the ISA DMA buffer
allocation, which is represented by "dev = NULL" and requires 24bit
DMA implicitly.
Bisected-by: Rene Herman <rene.herman@keyaccess.nl>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
To allow linker to catch sections overlapping we have to declare
them in appropriate order.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@gmail.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Acked-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The phys_cpu_present_map is an expected symbol in the SMP harness.
Unfortunately, x86 recently moved this and a few others to
kernel/setup.c where it doesn't quite work because voyager has to
define its own. Use CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC to isolate these
definitions and fix up another area in setup.c where CONFIG_X86_SMP
should be used instead of CONFIG_SMP.
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: WANG Cong <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: toralf.foerster@gmx.de
Cc: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Alexey Starikovskiy <astarikovskiy@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Rene Herman reported:
> commit 8779f2fc3b
>
> "x86: don't try to allocate from DMA zone at first"
>
> breaks all of ISA DMA. Or all of ALSA ISA DMA at least. All
> ISA soundcards are silent following that commit -- no error
> messages, everything appears fine, just silence.
That patch is buggy. We had an implicit assumption that
dev = NULL for ISA devices that require 24bit DMA.
The recent work on x86 dma_alloc_coherent() breaks the ISA DMA buffer
allocation, which is represented by "dev = NULL" and requires 24bit
DMA implicitly.
Bisected-by: Rene Herman <rene.herman@keyaccess.nl>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Tested-by: Rene Herman <rene.herman@keyaccess.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
On some of our (single board computer) boards (x86) we are using an
IPMI controller that uses I/O ports 0x62 and 0x66 for a KCS (keyboard
controller style) IPMI system interface.
Trying to load the openipmi driver fails, because the ports
(0x62/0x66) are reserved for keyboard. keyboard reserves the full
range 0x60-0x6F while it doesn't need to.
Reserve only ports 0x60 and 0x64 for the legacy PS/2 i8042 keyboad
controller instead of 0x60-0x6F to allow the openipmi driver to work.
[ tglx: added 64bit fixup ]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
If the task never used fpu, initialize the fpu before restoring the FP
state from the signal handler context. This will allocate the fpu
state, if the task never needed it before.
Reported-and-bisected-by: Eric Sesterhenn <snakebyte@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Tested-by: Eric Sesterhenn <snakebyte@gmx.de>
Cc: Frederik Deweerdt <deweerdt@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Move the scattered checks for PAT support to a single function. Its
moved to addon_cpuid_features.c as this file is shared between 32 and
64 bit.
Remove the manipulation of the PAT feature bit and just disable PAT in
the PAT layer, based on the PAT bit provided by the CPU and the
current CPU version/model white list.
Change the boot CPU check so it works on Voyager somewhere in the
future as well :) Also panic, when a secondary has PAT disabled but
the primary one has alrady switched to PAT. We have no way to undo
that.
The white list is kept for now to ensure that we can rely on known to
work CPU types and concentrate on the software induced problems
instead of fighthing CPU erratas and subtle wreckage caused by not yet
verified CPUs. Once the PAT code has stabilized enough, we can remove
the white list and open the can of worms.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This moves geode_has_vsa2 into a .c file, caches the result we get from
the VSA virtual registers, and causes the function to no longer be inline.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: cleanup]
Signed-off-by: Andres Salomon <dilinger@debian.org>
Cc: Jordan Crouse <jordan.crouse@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
fix pcspkr dependancies: make the pcspkr platform
drivers to depend on a platform device, and
not the other way around.
Signed-off-by: Stas Sergeev <stsp@aknet.ru>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dtor@mail.ru>
CC: Vojtech Pavlik <vojtech@suse.cz>
CC: Michael Opdenacker <michael-lists@free-electrons.com>
[fixed for 2.6.26-rc1 by tiwai]
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Fix x86 setup printk format warming:
next-20080430/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c:172: warning: format '%lu' expects type 'long unsigned int', but argument 2 has type 'ssize_t'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: mingo@elte.hu
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=10547
Newer Dell OptiPlex 745s hang before rebooting after 'sudo reboot'.
A patch for some versions of the OptiPlex was proposed here --
http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/6/5/59 -- and is included in 2.6.23 and
later kernels, according to
http://lxr.linux.no/linux+v2.6.23/arch/i386/kernel/reboot.c . However,
the DMI_BOARD_NAME ("0WF810") is too restrictive. Newer OptiPlex
machines have a DMI_BOARD_NAME of "0RF703". I therefore suggest
adding another clause to reboot.c, similar to the one in the original
patch, but matching a DMI_BOARD_NAME of "0RF703".
On further inspection, it seems that there are other DMI_BOARD_NAMEs
for this same machine. They seem to change from time to time, which
means that the current code is fragile. Moreover, using bios reboot
should not break non-SFF OptiPlex 745s, and so a reasonable fix is to
simply drop the match on DMI_BOARD_NAME.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This patch makes the needlessly global additional_cpus static.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
In kernel/acpi/realmode/Makefile use the 'always'
variable to say that wakeup.bin should always
be made.
In acpi/Makefile we then do not need to specify the
requested target and we avoid the message from make:
`arch/x86/kernel/acpi/realmode/wakeup.bin' is up to date.
Add wakeup.lds to list af targets to avoid rebuilding
wakeup.bin - from Roland McGrath.
Signed-off-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Cc: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Since the pv_apic_ops are only present if CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC is compiled
in, kvmclock failed to build without this option. This patch fixes this.
Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
This replaces the duplicated arch-specific versions of "sys_pipe()" with
one unified implementation. This removes almost 250 lines of duplicated
code.
It's marked __weak, so that *if* an architecture wants to override the
default implementation it can do so by simply having its own replacement
version, since many architectures use alternate calling conventions for
the 'pipe()' system call for legacy reasons (ie traditional UNIX
implementations often return the two file descriptors in registers)
I still haven't changed the cris version even though Linus says the BKL
isn't needed. The arch maintainer can easily do it if there are really
no obstacles.
Signed-off-by: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Don't warn in read_apic_id() when preemptible but only one CPU online.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The .asciz directive takes any number of strings, but each one is zero-
terminated, and string pasting is not done as in C. That results in only the
first line being output.
Replace .asciz with multiple .ascii directives and terminate with .asciz.
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The iommu_sac_force variable is needlessly defined global,
and this patch makes it static. Additionally, this variable
needs not be explicitly initialized.
Signed-off-by: Dmitri Vorobiev <dmitri.vorobiev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This patch fixes one sparse warning by including the appropriate
header for the reboot_force symbol.
Signed-off-by: Dmitri Vorobiev <dmitri.vorobiev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
the 'reboot_force' flag is a notion that non-PC subarchitectures do
not have.
also, unify the X86_BIOS_REBOOT option between 32-bit and 64-bit
and get rid of a few unnecessary Kconfig and Makefile complications
that way.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Al Viro pointed out that there's a missing readl() of timer->hpet_config,
found by Sparse.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Replace TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK with TS_RESTORE_SIGMASK and define our own
set_restore_sigmask() function. This saves the costly SMP-safe set_bit
operation, which we do not need for the sigmask flag since TIF_SIGPENDING
always has to be set too.
Signed-off-by: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@tv-sign.ru>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Drop the macro definitions in asm-offsets_*.c and use kbuild.h
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove proc_root export. Creation and removal works well if parent PDE is
supplied as NULL -- it worked always that way.
So, one useless export removed and consistency added, some drivers created
PDEs with &proc_root as parent but removed them as NULL and so on.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This adds support for OLPC XO hardware. Open Firmware on XOs don't contain
the VSA, so it is necessary to emulate the PCI BARs in the kernel. This also
adds functionality for running EC commands, and a CONFIG_OLPC.
A number of OLPC drivers depend upon CONFIG_OLPC.
olpc_ec_timeout is a hack to work around Embedded Controller bugs.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: geode_has_vsa build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: olpc_register_battery_callback doesn't exist]
Signed-off-by: Andres Salomon <dilinger@debian.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Jordan Crouse <jordan.crouse@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a proper extern for late_time_init in include/linux/init.h
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a proper prototype for __do_softirq() in include/linux/interrupt.h
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Suresh Siddha