Implement barrier support for single device DM devices
This patch implements barrier support in DM for the common case of dm linear
just remapping a single underlying device. In this case we can safely
pass the barrier through because there can be no reordering between
devices.
NB. Any DM device might cease to support barriers if it gets
reconfigured so code must continue to allow for a possible
-EOPNOTSUPP on every barrier bio submitted. - agk
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch adds the following target interfaces for request-based dm.
map_rq : for mapping a request
rq_end_io : for finishing a request
busy : for avoiding performance regression from bio-based dm.
Target can tell dm core not to map requests now, and
that may help requests in the block layer queue to be
bigger by I/O merging.
In bio-based dm, this behavior is done by device
drivers managing the block layer queue.
But in request-based dm, dm core has to do that
since dm core manages the block layer queue.
Signed-off-by: Kiyoshi Ueda <k-ueda@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Jun'ichi Nomura <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Change dm_unregister_target to return void and use BUG() for error
reporting.
dm_unregister_target can only fail because of programming bug in the
target driver. It can't fail because of user's behavior or disk errors.
This patch changes unregister_target to return void and use BUG if
someone tries to unregister non-registered target or unregister target
that is in use.
This patch removes code duplication (testing of error codes in all dm
targets) and reports bugs in just one place, in dm_unregister_target. In
some target drivers, these return codes were ignored, which could lead
to a situation where bugs could be missed.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
An XFS workload showed up a bug in the lockless pagecache patch. Basically it
would go into an "infinite" loop, although it would sometimes be able to break
out of the loop! The reason is a missing compiler barrier in the "increment
reference count unless it was zero" case of the lockless pagecache protocol in
the gang lookup functions.
This would cause the compiler to use a cached value of struct page pointer to
retry the operation with, rather than reload it. So the page might have been
removed from pagecache and freed (refcount==0) but the lookup would not correctly
notice the page is no longer in pagecache, and keep attempting to increment the
refcount and failing, until the page gets reallocated for something else. This
isn't a data corruption because the condition will be detected if the page has
been reallocated. However it can result in a lockup.
Linus points out that ACCESS_ONCE is also required in that pointer load, even
if it's absence is not causing a bug on our particular build. The most general
way to solve this is just to put an rcu_dereference in radix_tree_deref_slot.
Assembly of find_get_pages,
before:
.L220:
movq (%rbx), %rax #* ivtmp.1162, tmp82
movq (%rax), %rdi #, prephitmp.1149
.L218:
testb $1, %dil #, prephitmp.1149
jne .L217 #,
testq %rdi, %rdi # prephitmp.1149
je .L203 #,
cmpq $-1, %rdi #, prephitmp.1149
je .L217 #,
movl 8(%rdi), %esi # <variable>._count.counter, c
testl %esi, %esi # c
je .L218 #,
after:
.L212:
movq (%rbx), %rax #* ivtmp.1109, tmp81
movq (%rax), %rdi #, ret
testb $1, %dil #, ret
jne .L211 #,
testq %rdi, %rdi # ret
je .L197 #,
cmpq $-1, %rdi #, ret
je .L211 #,
movl 8(%rdi), %esi # <variable>._count.counter, c
testl %esi, %esi # c
je .L212 #,
(notice the obvious infinite loop in the first example, if page->count remains 0)
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The problems lie in the types used for some inotify interfaces, both at the kernel level and at the glibc level. This mail addresses the kernel problem. I will follow up with some suggestions for glibc changes.
For the sys_inotify_rm_watch() interface, the type of the 'wd' argument is
currently 'u32', it should be '__s32' . That is Robert's suggestion, and
is consistent with the other declarations of watch descriptors in the
kernel source, in particular, the inotify_event structure in
include/linux/inotify.h:
struct inotify_event {
__s32 wd; /* watch descriptor */
__u32 mask; /* watch mask */
__u32 cookie; /* cookie to synchronize two events */
__u32 len; /* length (including nulls) of name */
char name[0]; /* stub for possible name */
};
The patch makes the changes needed for inotify_rm_watch().
Signed-off-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@googlemail.com>
Cc: Robert Love <rlove@google.com>
Cc: Vegard Nossum <vegard.nossum@gmail.com>
Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Fsync currently has a fdatawrite/fdatawait pair around the method call,
and a mutex_lock/unlock of the inode mutex. All callers of fsync have
to duplicate this, but we have a few and most of them don't quite get
it right. This patch adds a new vfs_fsync that takes care of this.
It's a little more complicated as usual as ->fsync might get a NULL file
pointer and just a dentry from nfsd, but otherwise gets afile and we
want to take the mapping and file operations from it when it is there.
Notes on the fsync callers:
- ecryptfs wasn't calling filemap_fdatawrite / filemap_fdatawait on the
lower file
- coda wasn't calling filemap_fdatawrite / filemap_fdatawait on the host
file, and returning 0 when ->fsync was missing
- shm wasn't calling either filemap_fdatawrite / filemap_fdatawait nor
taking i_mutex. Now given that shared memory doesn't have disk
backing not doing anything in fsync seems fine and I left it out of
the vfs_fsync conversion for now, but in that case we might just
not pass it through to the lower file at all but just call the no-op
simple_sync_file directly.
[and now actually export vfs_fsync]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Filesystems often to do compute intensive operation on some
metadata. If this operation is repeated many times, it can be very
expensive. It would be much nicer if the operation could be performed
once before a buffer goes to disk.
This adds triggers to jbd2 buffer heads. Just before writing a metadata
buffer to the journal, jbd2 will optionally call a commit trigger associated
with the buffer. If the journal is aborted, an abort trigger will be
called on any dirty buffers as they are dropped from pending
transactions.
ocfs2 will use this feature.
Initially I tried to come up with a more generic trigger that could be
used for non-buffer-related events like transaction completion. It
doesn't tie nicely, because the information a buffer trigger needs
(specific to a journal_head) isn't the same as what a transaction
trigger needs (specific to a tranaction_t or perhaps journal_t). So I
implemented a buffer set, with the understanding that
journal/transaction wide triggers should be implemented separately.
There is only one trigger set allowed per buffer. I can't think of any
reason to attach more than one set. Contrast this with a journal or
transaction in which multiple places may want to watch the entire
transaction separately.
The trigger sets are considered static allocation from the jbd2
perspective. ocfs2 will just have one trigger set per block type,
setting the same set on every bh of the same type.
Signed-off-by: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
These are default functions for creating and destroying quota structures
and they should be used from filesystems.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Unexport header files dqblk_v[12].h since except for quota format ID they
don't contain information userspace should be interested in. Move ID
definitions to quota.h.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Add this so that file systems using JBD2 can safely allocate unused b_state
bits.
In this case, we add it so that Ocfs2 can define a single bit for tracking
the validation state of a buffer.
Acked-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
OCFS2 needs to scan all active dquots once in a while and sync quota
information among cluster nodes. Provide a helper function for it so
that it does not have to reimplement internally a list which VFS
already has. Moreover this function is probably going to be useful
for other clustered filesystems if they decide to use VFS quotas.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
OCFS2 needs to peek whether quota structure is already in memory so
that it can avoid expensive cluster locking in that case. Similarly
when freeing dquots, it checks whether it is the last quota structure
user or not. Finally, it needs to get reference to dquot structure for
specified id and quota type when recovering quota file after crash.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Increase reported version number of quota support since quota core has changed
significantly. Also remove __DQUOT_NUM_VERSION__ since nobody uses it.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Quota in a clustered environment needs to synchronize quota information
among cluster nodes. This means we have to occasionally update some
information in dquot from disk / network. On the other hand we have to
be careful not to overwrite changes administrator did via SETQUOTA.
So indicate in dquot->dq_flags which entries have been set by SETQUOTA
and quota format can clear these flags when it properly propagated
the changes.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
For clustered filesystems, it can happen that space / inode usage goes
negative temporarily (because some node is allocating another node
is freeing and they are not completely in sync). So let quota code
allow this and change qsize_t so a signed type so that we don't
underflow the variables.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Coming quota support for OCFS2 is going to need quite a bit
of additional per-sb quota information. Moreover having fs.h
include all the types needed for this structure would be a
pain in the a**. So remove the union from mem_dqinfo and add
a private pointer for filesystem's use.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
There is going to be a new version of quota format having 64-bit
quota limits and a new quota format for OCFS2. They are both
going to use the same tree structure as VFSv0 quota format. So
split out tree handling into a separate file and make size of
leaf blocks, amount of space usable in each block (needed for
checksumming) and structures contained in them configurable
so that the code can be shared.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Since these include files are used only by implementation of quota formats,
there's no need to have them in include/linux/.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
If filesystem can handle quota files as system files hidden from users, we can
skip a lot of cache invalidation, syncing, inode flags setting etc. when
turning quotas on, off and quota_sync. Allow filesystem to indicate that it is
hiding quota files from users by DQUOT_QUOTA_SYS_FILE flag.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Split DQUOT_USR_ENABLED (and DQUOT_GRP_ENABLED) into DQUOT_USR_USAGE_ENABLED
and DQUOT_USR_LIMITS_ENABLED. This way we are able to separately enable /
disable whether we should:
1) ignore quotas completely
2) just keep uptodate information about usage
3) actually enforce quota limits
This is going to be useful when quota is treated as filesystem metadata - we
then want to keep quota information uptodate all the time and just enable /
disable limits enforcement.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Upto now, DQUOT_USR_SUSPENDED behaved like a state - i.e., either quota
was enabled or suspended or none. Now allowed states are 0, ENABLED,
ENABLED | SUSPENDED. This will be useful later when we implement separate
enabling of quota usage tracking and limits enforcement because we need to
keep track of a state which has been suspended.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
So far quota was fine with quota block limits and inode limits/numbers in
a 32-bit type. Now with rapid increase in storage sizes there are coming
requests to be able to handle quota limits above 4TB / more that 2^32 inodes.
So bump up sizes of types in mem_dqblk structure to 64-bits to be able to
handle this. Also update inode allocation / checking functions to use qsize_t
and make global structure keep quota limits in bytes so that things are
consistent.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Some filesystems would like to keep private information together with each
dquot. Add callbacks alloc_dquot and destroy_dquot allowing filesystem to
allocate larger dquots from their private slab in a similar fashion we
currently allocate inodes.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
This patch implements the FIEMAP ioctl for GFS2. We can use the generic
code (aside from a lock order issue, solved as per Ted Tso's suggestion)
for which I've introduced a new variant of the generic function. We also
have one exception to deal with, namely stuffed files, so we do that
"by hand", setting all the required flags.
This has been tested with a modified (I could only find an old version) of
Eric's test program, and appears to work correctly.
This patch does not currently support FIEMAP of xattrs, but the plan is to add
that feature at some future point.
Signed-off-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Theodore Tso <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
This patch allows GRO to merge page frags (skb_shinfo(skb)->frags)
in one skb, rather than using the less efficient frag_list.
It also adds a new interface, napi_gro_frags to allow drivers
to inject page frags directly into the stack without allocating
an skb. This is intended to be the GRO equivalent for LRO's
lro_receive_frags interface.
The existing GSO interface can already handle page frags with
or without an appended frag_list so nothing needs to be changed
there.
The merging itself is rather simple. We store any new frag entries
after the last existing entry, without checking whether the first
new entry can be merged with the last existing entry. Making this
check would actually be easy but since no existing driver can
produce contiguous frags anyway it would just be mental masturbation.
If the total number of entries would exceed the capacity of a
single skb, we simply resort to using frag_list as we do now.
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Thanks to excellent diagnosis by Eduard Guzovsky.
The core problem is that on a network with lots of active
multicast traffic, the neighbour cache can fill up. If
we try to allocate a new route and thus neighbour cache
entry, the bog-standard GC attempt the neighbour layer does
in ineffective because route entries hold a reference
to the existing neighbour entries and GC can only liberate
entries with no references.
IPV4 already has a way to handle this, by doing a route cache
GC in such situations (when neigh attach returns -ENOBUFS).
So simply mimick this on the ipv6 side.
Tested-by: Eduard Guzovsky <eguzovsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Introduce stop_machine_create/destroy. With this interface subsystems
that need a non-failing stop_machine environment can create the
stop_machine machine threads before actually calling stop_machine.
When the threads aren't needed anymore they can be killed with
stop_machine_destroy again.
When stop_machine gets called and the threads aren't present they
will be created and destroyed automatically. This restores the old
behaviour of stop_machine.
This patch also converts cpu hotplug to the new interface since it
is special: cpu_down calls __stop_machine instead of stop_machine.
However the kstop threads will only be created when stop_machine
gets called.
Changing the code so that the threads would be created automatically
on __stop_machine is currently not possible: when __stop_machine gets
called we hold cpu_add_remove_lock, which is the same lock that
create_rt_workqueue would take. So the workqueue needs to be created
before the cpu hotplug code locks cpu_add_remove_lock.
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
When creating the final layout of a kernel module in memory, allow the
module loader to reserve some additional memory in front of a given section.
This is currently only needed for the parisc port which needs to put the
stub entries there to fulfill the 17/22bit PCREL relocations with large
kernel modules like xfs.
Signed-off-by: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (renamed fn)
Add standard interfaces for alarm/update irqs enabling. Drivers are no
more required to implement equivalent ioctl code as rtc-dev will provide
it.
UIE emulation should now be handled correctly and will work even for those
RTC drivers who cannot be configured to do both UIE and AIE.
Signed-off-by: Alessandro Zummo <a.zummo@towertech.it>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Cc: Atsushi Nemoto <anemo@mba.ocn.ne.jp>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With the write_begin/write_end aops, page_symlink was broken because it
could no longer pass a GFP_NOFS type mask into the point where the
allocations happened. They are done in write_begin, which would always
assume that the filesystem can be entered from reclaim. This bug could
cause filesystem deadlocks.
The funny thing with having a gfp_t mask there is that it doesn't really
allow the caller to arbitrarily tinker with the context in which it can be
called. It couldn't ever be GFP_ATOMIC, for example, because it needs to
take the page lock. The only thing any callers care about is __GFP_FS
anyway, so turn that into a single flag.
Add a new flag for write_begin, AOP_FLAG_NOFS. Filesystems can now act on
this flag in their write_begin function. Change __grab_cache_page to
accept a nofs argument as well, to honour that flag (while we're there,
change the name to grab_cache_page_write_begin which is more instructive
and does away with random leading underscores).
This is really a more flexible way to go in the end anyway -- if a
filesystem happens to want any extra allocations aside from the pagecache
ones in ints write_begin function, it may now use GFP_KERNEL (rather than
GFP_NOFS) for common case allocations (eg. ocfs2_alloc_write_ctxt, for a
random example).
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix ubifs]
[kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com: fix fuse]
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.28.x]
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
[ Cleaned up the calling convention: just pass in the AOP flags
untouched to the grab_cache_page_write_begin() function. That
just simplifies everybody, and may even allow future expansion of the
logic. - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As suggested by Andreas Dilger, introduce a bgl_lock_ptr() helper in
<linux/blockgroup_lock.h> and add separate sb_bgl_lock() helpers to
filesystem specific header files to break the hidden dependency to
struct ext[234]_sb_info.
Also, while at it, convert the macros to static inlines to try make up
for all the times I broke Andrew Morton's tree.
Acked-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Include header files as used/needed:
In file included from drivers/leds/leds-dac124s085.c:16:
include/linux/spi/spi.h:66: error: field 'dev' has incomplete type
include/linux/spi/spi.h: In function 'to_spi_device':
include/linux/spi/spi.h💯 warning: type defaults to 'int' in declaration of '__mptr'
...
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Don't store the field->op in the messy (and very inconvenient for e.g.
audit_comparator()) form; translate to dense set of values and do full
validation of userland-submitted value while we are at it.
->audit_init_rule() and ->audit_match_rule() get new values now; in-tree
instances updated.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Fix the actual rule listing; add per-type lists _not_ used for matching,
with all exit,... sitting on one such list. Simplifies "do something
for all rules" logics, while we are at it...
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Problem: ordering between the rules on exit chain is currently lost;
all watch and inode rules are listed after everything else _and_
exit,never on one kind doesn't stop exit,always on another from
being matched.
Solution: assign priorities to rules, keep track of the current
highest-priority matching rule and its result (always/never).
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* don't bother with allocations
* don't do double copy_from_user()
* don't duplicate parts of check for audit_dummy_context()
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* logging the original value of *msg_prio in mq_timedreceive(2)
is insane - the argument is write-only (i.e. syscall always
ignores the original value and only overwrites it).
* merge __audit_mq_timed{send,receive}
* don't do copy_from_user() twice
* don't mess with allocations in auditsc part
* ... and don't bother checking !audit_enabled and !context in there -
we'd already checked for audit_dummy_context().
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* don't copy_from_user() twice
* don't bother with allocations
* don't duplicate parts of audit_dummy_context()
* make it return void
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Basic MFD framework for the MSP430 microcontroller firmware used
on the dm355evm board:
- Provides an interface for other drivers: register read/write
utilities, and register declarations.
- Directly exports:
* Many signals through the GPIO framework
+ LEDs
+ SW6 through gpio sysfs
+ NTSC/nPAL jumper through gpio sysfs
+ ... more could be added later, e.g. MMC signals
* Child devices:
+ LEDs, via leds-gpio child (and default triggers)
+ RTC, via rtc-dm355evm child device
+ Buttons and IR control, via dm355evm_keys
- Supports power-off system call. Use the reset button to power
the board back up; the power supply LED will be on, but the
MSP430 waits to re-activate the regulators.
- On probe() this:
* Announces firmware revision
* Turns off the banked LEDs
* Exports the resources noted above
* Hooks the power-off support
* Muxes tvp5146 -or- imager for video input
Unless the new tvp514x driver (tracked for mainline) is configured,
this assumes that some custom imager driver handles video-in.
This completely ignores the registers reporting the output voltages
on the various power supplies. Someone could add a hwmon interface
if that seems useful.
Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@openedhand.com>
The WM8351 is a WM8350 variant. As well as register default changes the
WM8351 has fewer voltage and current regulators than the WM8350.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@openedhand.com>
Some WM8350 variants have fewer DCDCs and ISINKs. Identify these at
probe and refuse to use the absent DCDCs when running on these chips.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@openedhand.com>
The WM8352 is a variant of the WM8350. Aside from the register defaults
there are no software visible differences to the WM8350.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@opensource.wolfsonmicro.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@openedhand.com>
This patch amends DA903x MFD driver with definitions and methods
needed for battery charger driver.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <mike@compulab.co.il>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@openedhand.com>
Andi Kleen